1. Artificial Intelligence December 6, 2008 Ail 690

2. AI Defined: “Artificial intelligence (AI) is the intelligence of machines and the branch of computer science which aims to create it. Major AI textbooks define the field as the study and design of intelligent agents, where an intelligent agent is a system that perceives its environment and takes actions which maximize its chances of success.” Artificial Intelligence, Wikipedia, n.d., ¶ 1 In 1956 John McCarthy, the father of AI, defines it as "the science and engineering of making intelligent machines.” Artificial Intelligence, Wikipedia, n.d., ¶ 1

3. Historical timeline of AI History of Artificial Intelligence, n.d.

4. Innovations by Honda ASIMO is a humanoid robot that was created in 1986 by Honda. ASIMO is an acronym for Advanced Step in Innovative Mobility. Honda developed robot legs that will assist the elderly and disabled. They also developed the exoskeleton suit called HAL( Hybrid Assistive Limb).

5. Original and New ASIMO ASIMO, Wikipedia, 2008

6. New ASIMO Specifications Weight----- 54 kg or 119 pounds Height----- 130 cm or 4 feet 3 inches Walking Speed--- 2.7 km/hour Running Speed--- 6 km/hour Battery--- 3 hours Operating Time--- 40 minutes to 1hr (walking) ASIMO, Wikipedia, 2008, Features and Technology.

7. 2007 ASIMO This is a current picture of ASIMO. There are 46 units, and they cost less than million dollars each. The units are available for rent at a price of $166,000 a year.

8. ASIMO Commercial http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kFgXEkzMq7 A

9. Robot Legs HONDA developed a walking assist machine designed to make it easier for the elderly to climb stairs and help factory workers. The computerized leg device is the latest addition to walking technology developed by the Japanese automaker. By supporting bodyweight, the 6.5kg device reduces the load on users' legs during activities such as walking or climbing and descending stairs by supporting bodyweight. The motor-powered machine is still at an experimental stage, but elderly people and people undergoing rehabilitation who need support for their leg muscles and joints are the main target. Robotic Legs, n.d.,

10. Robot Legs Cont. The device is also expected to help assembly workers to keep a crouching position, adding that Honda plans to test the device at one of its factories north of Tokyo. Like with a unicycle, users ride on the seat sustained by frames that can bend and extend like knees with two motors controlled by signals from sensors inside the shoes. ASIMO's technology was used for developing the walking assist device. Robotic Legs, n.d.,

11. HAL HAL (Hybrid Assisted Limb) is a cyborg-type robot that can expand and improve physical capability. Seiji Uchida, a quadriplegic, came 500 yards from the top of Switzerland's highest mountains with the help of his friend Takeshi Matsumoto who put on Hybrid Assistive Limb (HAL) suit and then carried Seiji on his shoulders to the top of the mountain. HAL Description, 2008, ¶ 1

12. HAL Specifications Wearable Robot Size - Height 1,600mm Weight - Full Body Type approx. 23kg Lower body approx. 15kg Power Battery Drive Charged battery (AC100V) Continuous operating time 2 hours 40 minutes Motions Daily Activities (standing up from a chair, walking, climbing up and down stairs) Hold and lift heavy objects Operation - Hybrid Control System Working Environment - Indoor and outdoor HAL Exoskeleton, 2008, Chart

13. How it Works! When a person attempts to move, nerve signals are sent from the brain to the muscles via motoneuron, moving the musculoskeletal system. Very weak biosignals can be detected on the surface of the skin. HAL catches these signals through a sensor attached on the skin of the wearer. These signals allow the body to move unitedly with the wearers movements. HAL is the world's first cyborg-type robot controlled by this unique Hybrid System. HAL can be applied in various fields such as rehabilitation and physical training support, support for disabled people, heavy labour support at factories, and rescue support at disaster sites. HAL Exoskeleton, 2008, ¶ 2

14. Saya: The Future of AI Saya is a robot at the University of Tokyo. She can speak 300-700 words. She can contort her facial expression to show happy, sad, angry, and surprised. She has 18 control points under the skin for this purpose. Her face is made of silicon. SAYA, 2007, ¶ 1

15. How She Works The artificial muscles in her face are operated by compressed air and are based on a mechanism similar to that used by humans to display facial expressions. Engineers hope to give Saya voice recognition and video monitoring system in the future. These features would allow Saya to be used as a communication tool, allowing an elderly father to converse with a robot that resembles their son, for example. At the same time, the son would be able to see his father via the installed monitoring video. SAYA, 2007

16. Saya Video http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yz8HjZCjS HM http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yz8HjZCjS HM

17. References Artificial Intelligence. (n.d.). Retrieved on December 4, 2008, from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial-intelligence. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial-intelligence Artificial Intelligence. (n.d.) Retrieved on November 29, 2008, from http://www- formal.stanford.edu/jmc/whatisai/node1.html.http://www- formal.stanford.edu/jmc/whatisai/node1.html Artificial Intelligence and Robotics. (2008). Retrieved on December 4, 2008, from http://smart- machines.blogspot.com/2008/11/hondas-robotic-legs.html.http://smart- machines.blogspot.com/2008/11/hondas-robotic-legs.html ASIMO. (2007). Retrieved on November 28, 2008, from http://world.honda.com/news/2007/c071211Enableing-Multiple-ASIMO-to-Work. http://world.honda.com/news/2007/c071211Enableing-Multiple-ASIMO-to-Work ASIMO. (2008). Retrieved on November 28, 2008, from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ASIMO.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ASIMO Future of Artificial Intelligence. (2002). Retrieved on December 2, 2008, from http://www.pcworld.com/article/91863/showing_off_the_future_of_artificial_intelligence.html. http://www.pcworld.com/article/91863/showing_off_the_future_of_artificial_intelligence.html

18. References Continued HAL Description. (2008). Retrieved on December 4, 2008, from http://www.cyberdyne.jp/english/robotsuithal/index.html. http://www.cyberdyne.jp/english/robotsuithal/index.html HAL Exoskeleton. (2008). Retrieved on December 4, 2008, from http://smart- machines.blogspot.com/2008/10/hal-exoskeleton-available-for-renting.html.http://smart- machines.blogspot.com/2008/10/hal-exoskeleton-available-for-renting.html History of Artificial Intelligence. (n.d.). Retrieved on December 4, 2008, from http://library.thinkquest.org/2705/history.html. http://library.thinkquest.org/2705/history.html Robotic Legs. (n.d.). Retrieved on December 4, 2008, from http://www.news.com.au/dailytelegraph/story/0,22049,24617984-5001028,00.html. http://www.news.com.au/dailytelegraph/story/0,22049,24617984-5001028,00.html SAYA: The robot receptionist. (2007). Retrieved on December 4, 2008, from http://www.plasticbamboo.com/2007/03/05/saya-the-robot-receptionist/. http://www.plasticbamboo.com/2007/03/05/saya-the-robot-receptionist/