1. Chapter 2, Section 4 The Constitutional Convention Mr. Young American Government

2. Essential Question Why did the Founding Fathers have to compromise on some of their political beliefs in order to finalized the Constitution?

3. I CAN 1. Compare James Madison’s importance to the Constitution and Jefferson’s importance to the Declaration 2. Explain the difference between the New Jersey and Virginia Plans 3. Analyze the role of slavery and its (non)impact on the Constitution 4. Contrast the beliefs of the Federalist/Anti-Federalist Debate

4. Interesting Facts James Madison-“Father of the Constitution All meetings were closed Alexander Hamilton, James Madison, and John Jay would write The Federalist Capital-New York George Washington-1 st President 10 Amendments (Bill of Rights) Rhode Island was last state to ratify Constitution Constitution finished and signed on September 17, 1787.

5. Key Agreements Limited and Representative Government Power divided between 3 branches Limit power of state to coin money Strengthen National Government

6. Virginia Plan Drafted by James Madison 1. National Legislature with two chambers 2. National Executive chosen by legislature 3. National Judiciary chosen by legislature Was basis for Constitution but gave most power to larger states

7. New Jersey Plan Unicameral legislature with one vote Congress could tax and regulate trade Weak executive/more than 1 Limited national judiciary

8. Connecticut Compromise Legislature have two parts: 1. House of Representatives- based on population 2. Senate-Two per state (elected by state legislators)

10. Three-Fifths Compromise 1/3 of southern states were African American South wanted to count slaves as population but not for taxes, North wanted opposite 3/5 of the enslaved people would be counted for both taxes and population

12. Compromise on Commerce and Slave Trade North wanted government to regulate trade with other nations, South afraid they would interfere with slave trade Could not ban slave trade till 1808 Congress regulated interstate and foreign commerce Could not impose export taxes

13. Slavery and Other Compromises Slave does not appear in Constitution and South would not accept if it dealt with slaves Electoral College System: each state elects electors to vote President’s 4 year

14. Federalist vs. Anti-Federalist Federalist ViewAnti-Federalist View Favored the Constitution Merchants and Cities Strong national government Bill of Rights not needed, 8 states already had one Opposed the Constitution Farmers and Laborers Constitution drafted in secrecy Extralegal (not sanctioned by law) States Rights Wanted a Bill of Rights

15. People in the Debate FederalistAnti-Federalist