2.  Trituration – reducing substances to fine particles by rubbing or grinding them with a mortar and pestle or on an ointment slab.  Geometric dilution – gradually mixing equal amounts of ingredients together.

3.  Levigation- after trituration; incorporating solid into a small amount of liquid (wetting agent) in which solid is not soluble. This makes solid more uniform throughout base and gets rid of gritty feeling.  Washing – removes drug from mortar by adding liquid agent to mortar to transport remaining drug to container

4.  To mask taste of drugs  Unable to swallow tablets  Base solutions: cherry syrup, Ora-Sweet, simple syrup  Drug can be put in solution if it can dissolve completely  Check water solubility of drug (Remington)  Without formula or reference, may be easier to make medication as a suspension

5.  Two-phase system  Drug is uniformly dispersed in medium (shake well)  Drug is not soluble in liquid and will need to be incorporated in liquid through levigation  Advantages:  Taste-masking  Slows absorption ▪ Solution > Suspension > Tablet/Capsule

6.  Suspending agent used commonly:  Oraplus(Paddock)  Syrspend (Fagron), Ora-Blend (Paddock)  Suspending agent to incorporate drug into liquid  Additional liquid vehicle for pleasant taste and to thin consistency  Ora-Sweet (Paddock), Cherry Syrup, Simple Syrup  Suspending agent usually 50% of total amount compounded  Liquid vehicle usually will be QS’d to total amount

7.  Example procedure for 30mL suspension 1. Weigh 5 ABC tablets with torsion balance 2. Triturate tablets into fine powder with glass mortar 3. Levigate powder with 15mL of Ora-Plus 4. Transfer product to conical graduate 5. Wash mortar with Ora-Sweet 6. QS with Ora-Sweet in conical graduate to 30mL 7. Transfer to 1 oz amber bottle 8. Label and dispense with auxiliary labels 7

8.  Lotions – Most water content (mL)  Creams – half oil and half water (g)  Ointments – 80% oil and 20% water (g)  Use pill tile or ointment paper to incorporate ingredients into base  Spatula to mix and transfer product  Well technique – create a well in the middle of your semi-solid base and add desired liquid in well to begin incorporation in base

9.  Example procedure: 1. Measure X liquid with graduated cylinder 2. Weigh cream and Y powder with digital balance 3. Transfer cream to pill tile 4. Mix in X liquid into cream using well technique 5. Levigate Y powder with cream 6. Mix ingredient thoroughly in cream 7. Transfer to ointment jar 8. Label and dispense compound