1. UNIT 2 EARTH AND EARTH’S SYSTEMS By: Chrissy Dawson, Cheyenne Owens, Hanna Obrien, and Garrett Belew

2. ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS How do the subsystems of Earth benefit from each other in order to survive? What defines Earth as a system How do the subsystems work together What would happen if the earth’s systems didn’t work together?

3. WHAT MAKES EARTH A SYSTEM? Scientists increasingly view Earth as a dynamic system – a combination of interrelated, interdependent or interacting parts forming a collective whole or entity.

4. THE EARTH’S SYSTEMS There are 5 main subsystems on Earth. These systems include: Subsystems are self-contained system within a larger system. The lithosphere (aka geosphere) is the solid part of the Earth that is made up of rocks, minerals and other elements. The hydrosphere includes all the water on Earth. The biosphere is the part of the Earth where living things can be. The Atmosphere is the thin layer of gasses that surround our planet. The Cryosphere is all the Earth's frozen water. Cycles are a series of events that are regularly repeated in the same order.

5. EXTRA SPHERES Some scientist created another sphere for humans called anthrosphere. Cosmosphere is the universe surrounding the Earth Cryosphere which is all elements of ice on Earth Pedosphere is for the soil on earth

6. ANTHROSPHERE The anthroposphere (sometimes also referred to as the technosphere) it is that part of the environment that is made or modified by humans for use in human activities and human habitats. It is one of the Earth's sub-spheres.

7. COSMOSPHERE It is the sphere that encompasses all things in the universe that surround the earth. Everything in space

8. PEDOSPHERE the pedosphere (from Greek πέδον pedon "soil" or "earth" and σφαίρα sfaíra "sphere") is the outermost layer of the Earth that is composed of soil and subject to soil formation processes. It exists at the interface of the lithosphere, atmosphere, hydrosphere and biosphere.

10. THE GEOSPHERE The geosphere is the solid (or mineral) part of Earth. It is made up of layers, from the outer crust down to the inner core, which have separated through density and pressure. The geosphere is divided into three parts, the crust, mantle, and core. The outer most layers (the mantle and the crust) are further divided into the lithosphere and the asthenosphere, the lithosphere being the rigid outer layer of the earth, and the asthenosphere being the molten plastic outer mantle of hot silicate rock.

11. THE HYDROSPHERE Earth’s hydrosphere is a discontinuous layer of water at or near the planet’s surface. This includes all liquid and frozen surface waters, groundwater held in soil and rock, and atmospheric water vapor. The oceans make up 97% of Earth’s water, and less than 1% of Earth’s freshwater is found in lakes and rivers. The hydrolic cycle involves the transfer of water from the oceans through the atmosphere to the continents and back to the oceans over and beneath the land surface.

12. WATER CYCLE

13. THE BIOSPHERE The biosphere is the part of the earth and its atmosphere in which living organisms exist or that is capable of supporting life. The biosphere includes all living ecosystems as well as the way they interact with each other and the other spheres such as hydrosphere, atmosphere, and the geosphere. Every part of the planet, from the polar icecaps to the equator, features life of some kind. Recent discoveries have even indicated that microbes live beneath the Earth’s terrestrial surface.

14. HOW THEY WORK TOGETHER? All of the Earth systems work together to make the planet habitable. The atmosphere helps to keep the biosphere and hydrosphere “alive” by keeping CO2. The hydrosphere helps to keep the cryosphere “alive”.

15. WHAT WOULD HAPPEN IF THE EARTH’S SYSTEMS DIDN’T WORK TOGETHER? If the Atmosphere didn’t work then the biosphere would die since there would be a lack of oxygen. The hydrosphere would also “die” since you need oxygen to make water which also knocks out the cyrosphere. This would cause only the lithosphere to stay but it would be barren and very hot

16. VIDEOS http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iedwtrzehHU http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BnpF0ndXk-8&hd=1