1. Separation of MixturesWednesday, October 28, 2015

2. Identify the ways in which  magnetic attraction  filtration  evaporation  distillation  paper chromatography can be used to separate mixtures.

3. Separation of Mixtures Mixtures are matter that are made up of two or more compounds and/or elements. They can be usually be separated.

4. Solution Homogeneous mixture containing dissolved particles. (0.1–2.0 nm in diameter) Example: Mineral water

5. Colloid A homogeneous mixture containing particles with diameters in the range 2–500 nm Examples: Skin lotion, milk

6. Suspensions mixtures with even larger particles, but they are not true solutions because they separate upon standing. Examples: Sambal Nasi Lemak, Orange Juice

7. Solute & Solvent Solute: the dissolved substance in a solution Solvent: the major component in a solution

9. Kinds of Solutions

10. Separation of Mixtures Techniques Magnetic Attraction Filtration Paper Chromatography Distillation Evaporation

11. Separation of Mixtures Magnetic Attraction Separating mixtures containing magnetic material like iron, cobalt and nickel.

13. Separation of Mixtures Evaporation Separating mixture of dissolved solids from a liquid. Heat is applied to quicken evaporation but NOT to cause decomposition.

17. Separation of Mixtures Filtration Separating mixture of un-dissolved solids from a liquid.

18. Some Filtration Systems

19. Filtration diagram

20. Separation of Mixtures Distillation Separating liquid-liquid mixtures of different boiling points. Temperature tells the type of vapour that is entering the condenser.

21. Laboratory Distillation Setup Stone chips are added into the liquid to allow even and uniform boiling Cold and hot water enters from the bottom and top of the condenser respectively. Water will gain heat as vapour condenses. Warmer water is less effective in condensing vapour Thermometer at the entrance of the condenser indicates the boiling point of the type of vapour entering it

23. Whiskey distillery

24. FRACTIONAL DISTILLATION Used in refineries to separate crude oil into its different components Based on difference in boiling point. Products include: Natural Gas, Kerosene, Gasoline, Diesel, Diesel Oil

25. Less Dense Component Denser Component

27. Separation of Mixtures Paper Chromatography Identify the type of substances in a mixture. Each substance has a different solubility in a common solvent.

28. (1) Mixtures added at the base line (2) Paper dipped into solvent for mixtures (3) Component will run along paper as it dissolves in solvent Components of Essential Oils are separated

29. Separation of Mixtures What are the components in mixture X? RedXYellowBlue X Contains Red and Yellow Components

30. Separation of Mixtures How do you separate a mixture of salt, sand and iron? Salt Iron NS Sand Magnetic attraction to get iron filings Add water to dissolve salt Filter to get sand residue Evaporate filtrate to get salt

31. Separation of Mixtures Conclusion 5 simple methods of separating mixtures. Different methods for components of mixtures with different properties. Separating mixtures produces better understanding of mixture. Man can produce useful mixtures/components from raw components/mixtures.