3. What happened to the water when the charged ruler was put close? What happened to the water when the charged ruler was put close? How did the paper react to the charged ruler? How did the paper react to the charged ruler? Did the balloon stick to your hair? Did the balloon stick to your hair? What happened to the charged balloons placed next to each other? What happened to the charged balloons placed next to each other? Class Discussion

4. All these things happen because of Static

5. Does this help us to understand lightning?

6. What is Static? Static electricity occurs when there is a build up of electric charge on the surface of a material (rubbing a balloon increases the negative electrons) Static electricity occurs when there is a build up of electric charge on the surface of a material (rubbing a balloon increases the negative electrons) When the balloon is put near hair, the imbalance causes the hair to be attracted to the balloon – to try and stabilise the balloon’s negative charge. When the balloon is put near hair, the imbalance causes the hair to be attracted to the balloon – to try and stabilise the balloon’s negative charge.

7. What is charge? To understand charge we have to look at things on an extremely small scale. To understand charge we have to look at things on an extremely small scale. We have to try and understand things that we can’t even see with the most powerful microscope. We have to try and understand things that we can’t even see with the most powerful microscope. ATOMS!

8. The Atom Everything we see around us everyday is made of atoms. Everything we see around us everyday is made of atoms. We can’t see individual atoms because they are so small. We can’t see individual atoms because they are so small. The atom is made of 3 sorts of particles. The atom is made of 3 sorts of particles. The electron The electron The proton The proton The neutron The neutron We can imagine each as a tiny little ball. We can imagine each as a tiny little ball. In the nucleus

9. Inside an Atom The protons and neutrons sit together in a lump in the middle called the nucleus. The protons and neutrons sit together in a lump in the middle called the nucleus. The electrons orbit around the nucleus, a bit like the planets orbiting the Sun. The electrons orbit around the nucleus, a bit like the planets orbiting the Sun. Most of the atom is empty space if atoms were the size of football fields, the nucleus would be a grain of sand in the middle and the electrons would be orbiting around the edge..

10. Charge The electron is negatively charged. The electron is negatively charged. The proton is positively charged. The proton is positively charged. The neutron has no charge, it is neutral. The neutron has no charge, it is neutral.

11. Static Static is caused when certain materials are rubbed against each other. Static is caused when certain materials are rubbed against each other. Electrons can be rubbed off one material and on to another. Electrons can be rubbed off one material and on to another.

12. The material with extra electrons is now negatively charged The material which has lost electrons has more protons and is positively charged.

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20. Static It is this imbalance of positive and negative charges that causes: Balloons to stick to walls. Balloons to stick to walls. Your hair to stand on end when brushing your hair on a dry day. Your hair to stand on end when brushing your hair on a dry day. And neutrally charged water to move towards a negatively charged ruler. And neutrally charged water to move towards a negatively charged ruler.