1. Chapters 1 & 2 Review
Multiple Choice Test # 1

2. Which philosopher most clearly rejected the idea that the mind is separable from the body?
a. Plato
b. Socrates
c. Aristotle
d. Descartes

3. Compared with the structuralists, early behaviorists were much less likely to focus on the study of:
a. smiling.
b. screaming.
c. fighting.
d. thinking.

4. 3. Debates as to whether alcohol abuse is biologically determined or culturally influenced are most relevant to the issue of:
a. nature versus nurture
b. correlation versus causation.
c. behavior versus mental processes.
d. structuralism versus functionalism.

5. Understanding why the fear of darkness may have contributed to the survival of our human ancestors is most relevant to the ________ perspective.
a. behavioral
b. cognitive
c. evolutionary
d. psychodynamic

6. Stacey suggests that because children are more impulsive than adults, they will have more difficulty controlling their anger. Stacey's prediction regarding anger management exemplifies
an hypothesis.
b. the hindsight bias.
c. illusory correlation.
d. the false consensus effect.

7. Which method offers the most reliable way of assessing whether athletic performance is boosted by caffeine consumption?
a. the survey
b. the case study
c. the experiment
d. naturalistic observation

8. In an experimental study of the extent to which mental alertness is inhibited by sleep deprivation, alertness would be the:
a. control condition.
b. independent variable.
c. experimental condition.
d. dependent variable

9. Edward Titchener used the research method known as:
a. SQ3R.
b. psychoanalysis.
c. introspection.
d. massed practice.
e. natural selection

10. Which school of psychology was most clearly concerned with the adaptive value of complex mental processes
a Structuralism
b. behaviorism
c. psychoanalysis
d. functionalism

11. Psychological theories:
a. organize scientific observations.
b. explain observed facts.
c. generate hypotheses.
d. do all of the above.

12. Which research method runs the greatest risk of collecting evidence that may be unrepresentative of what is generally true?
a. naturalistic observation
b. the case study
c. experimentation
d. the survey

13. Surveys are most likely to indicate that reckless behavior and self-control are
a. independent variables.
b. positively correlated.
c. dependent variables.
d. negatively correlated

14. A tendency to notice and remember instances in which our premonitions of disaster are subsequently followed by harmful events is most likely to contribute to:
a. random assignment.
b. the hindsight bias.
c. illusory correlations.
d. the placebo effect.

15. Researchers control factors that might influence a dependent variable by means of:
A. random assignment.
b. replication.
c. naturalistic observation.
d. operational definitions.

16. In an experimental study of the effects of dieting on weight loss, dieting would be the:
a. control condition
b. independent variable.
c. operational definition.
d. dependent variable.
e. placebo

17. An axon transmits messages ________ the cell body and a dendrite transmits messages ________ the cell body.
a. away from; toward
b. away from; away from
c. toward; away from
d. toward; toward

18. Depressed mood states are linked to ________ levels of serotonin and ________ levels of nor epinephrine.
a. low; low
b. high; high
c. low; high
d. high; low

19. A drug that blocks the reuptake of a particular neurotransmitter is called a(n):
a. opiate.
b. antagonist.
c. glutamate.
d. agonist.

20. The peripheral nervous system consists of:
a. association areas.
b. the spinal cord.
c. the reticular formation.
d. sensory and motor neurons.

21. The autonomic nervous system most directly controls:
a. speech production.
b. thinking and memory.
c. stomach contractions.
d. movement of the arms and legs.

22. Research has suggested that a reward deficiency syndrome may contribute to
a. insomnia.
b. alcoholism.
c. schizophrenia.
d. Parkinson's disease.

23. In which of the following parts of the brain would a lesion most likely result in aphasia
a. corpus callosum
b. amygdala
c. hypothalamus
d. Wernicke's area
e. cerebellum

24. Drugs that block the reuptake of serotonin will thereby increase the concentration of serotonin molecules in the:
a. axon terminals.
b. synaptic gaps.
c. glial cells.
d. endocrine glands.

25. In stressful situations, the sympathetic nervous system ________ the arteries of the circulatory system and ________ the pupils of the eyes.
a. contracts; dilates
b. dilates; contracts
c. contracts; contracts
d. dilates; dilates