1. THE SPINE

2. STRUCTURES VERTEBRAE –7 CERVICAL Curve forward –12 THORACIC Curve backward –5 LUMBAR Curve forward –SACRUM –COCCYX Both fused Part of pelvic region

3. VERTEBRAE Bones connecting together Separated by discs Act as shock absorber In proper alignment body weight distributed evenly All muscles support alignment Back injuries most common when not “in shape”

4. DISC & COLUMN *** DRAW YOU OWN DIAGRAMS

5. CURVES OF THE SPINE KYPHOSIS –Hunchback @ thoracic spine LORDOSIS –Swayback @ lumbar spine SCOLIOSIS –Side to Side curve

6. INJURIES BRACHIAL PLEXUS –STINGER –NECK & SHOULDER STRETCHED –BURNING, NUMBNESS, PAIN IN NECK & DOWN ARM –WEAKNESS LASTING SECONDS OR DAYS OR WEEKS DISC *COMPRESSION OF NUCLEUS PULPOSUS *RADIATING PAIN *HERNIATION OR PUSHING ONTO NERVES

7. INJURIES SPONDYLOLYSIS –Defect in vertebrae from hyperextension –Fracture of pars interarticularis SPONDYLOLISTHESIS –Slipped vertebrae due to weakness –Common in lower lumber/sacral region –If spondylolysis injury becomes worse this can occur

8. INJURIES CONTUSIONS –DIRECT HIT SPASMS –TRAUMATIC, OVERUSE, IMPROPER LIFTING FRACTURES –DIRECT BLOW, COMPRESSION, POSSIBLE PARALYSIS SPRAINS –SUDDENT TWISTING, RADIATING PAIN NOT PRESENT STRAINS –SAME AS SPRAINS, BAD POSTURE MAY FACTOR

9. INJURY CHART CREATE A CHART DESCRIBING THE FOLLOWING FOR EACH INJURY –MOI –LOCATION –SYMPTOMS –TREATMENTS INJURY MOI LOCATION SYMPTOMS TX CONTUSONS BRACHIAL PLEXUS KYPHOSIS LORDOSIS SCOLIOSIS SPASMS SPRAINS STRAINS FRACTURES DISLOCATIONS HERNIATIONS SPONDYLOLYSIS SPONDYLOLISTHESIS