2. Invertebrates are animals that have no backbone.

4. There are more than 1 million kinds of arthropods on Earth.

6. An arthropod is an invertebrate with an exoskeleton, a segmented body, and jointed legs.

7. crayfish

8. The body segmented, the segments usually grouped in two or three rather distinct regions. ex. 3 regions- Head, thorax, abdomen (beetle) ex. 2 regions- Cephalothorax (fused head & thorax) and abdomen Exoskeleton ( called a carapace in crayfish) made of chitin. Paired segmented appendages.

10. An exoskeleton is a hard, outer covering made of chitin.

11. Molting is to leave an exoskeleton and grow a new one.

12. A crustacean is an arthropod that has a hard, exoskeleton, two pairs of antennae, and a mouth for crunching and grinding.

13. Crustaceans can ________ certain parts of their body. A ___________ can re-grow its claws. Most crustaceans live in ______ and get oxygen from the water through _________. Gills are

14. Digestion Tube from the mouth to the anus. Divided into sections: the foregut, the midgut and the hindgut.

15. Anterior ganglion or brain and paired nerve cords. Some have developed sensory ability.

16. Have an open circulatory system that carries food, but not oxygen throughout its body. Blood is often green since it does not carry oxygen. The heart is a simple tube running along the back.

18. Respiratory System Respiration by means of gills, or book lungs and spiracles.

19. Reproduction The sexes nearly always separate. Fertilization is usually internal in land species but external in aquatic species.

20. Excretion Passes waste out of its anus from the hindgut. No nephridia.

23. * Centipedes and millipedes are arthropods that have many legs. * Have _______ pair of legs in each segment. * Are carnivores and eat _________. * To capture its prey, a centipede puts _______ into the prey’s body with its _______. * Centipedes are found in ___________ like under rocks and in the soil.

24. * Centipedes and millipedes are arthropods that have many legs. * Have ___ pairs of legs on each segment. * Eat _________ and are shy animals. * When scared, it _________________ to protect itself. * Are found in __________like under rocks and in the soil. * Do not have ________.

25. * All have __________ legs. * Have a body divided into two parts: ______________________________ ______________________________ __

26. * Spiders usually eat __________, but some spiders eat small _______________ like hummingbirds. * Many spiders make webs out of _________. * Silk is _________________________________.

27. * Spiders catch their prey in many different ways. * Some spiders catch their prey in ____. * Some spiders ________ from their prey and then ________________________. * When spiders catch their prey, it _______ it and _________ it. * Spiders breathe oxygen with __________.

28. * Scorpions usually live in __________ areas. * Most scorpions are __________________. ** Nocturnal means ____________________ * During the day, scorpions hide __________ ______________________________. * When scorpions capture prey, they _______ ___________________________________.

29. * Ticks and mites live on _______________. * Some ticks and mites suck juices from ____________________. * Other ticks and mites are very tiny and live on __________.

30. * Many ticks suck the blood from _________. * Ticks can give animals a ____________.

31. *There are more kinds of insects than there are all other animal species all together. * There could be _______________ times as many insects as humans on Earth. * Insects have a body that is divided into ____ parts. * An insect’s body is divided into a ________, a _____________, and a ___________ area.

32. * Insects have _____ legs connected to the chest part. * Some insects’ legs are all the same size. Some insects have one pair of legs larger than the other two pairs. * A grasshopper has one pair of legs larger than the other two pairs. These larger legs are used for ____________. Longer back legs

33. * Insects eat a lot, so they grow very fast. As they grow, insects may molt and grow new ___________, or they may change completely. * A huge change in appearance is called ________. * There are two kinds of metamorphosis: ______________ and ______________.

34. * In complete metamorphosis, insects like butterflies and moths have _______ stages of development. * The first stage makes an ________. * During the second stage, the egg hatches and a _________ comes out. * A caterpillar is the larva of an insect that will become a butterfly or a moth.

35. * During the third stage, a ___________ is made. * A pupa is sometimes wrapped in a _____________ or in a _______________. * A cocoon is the pupa of a _____________. A cocoon is made of ________. * A chrysalis is the pupa of a ___________. * In the last stage, the insect is finally an adult.

37. * Incomplete metamorphosis happens in grasshoppers, termites, and dragonflies. * In incomplete metamorphosis, young animals that look like the ___________ hatch from eggs. * As the young animals grow, they keep _________, shedding their exoskeletons, and getting larger.

39. * Most insects live alone. But, some insects are ___________ and cannot survive alone. * These insects live in ______________ or hives. * A colony is _____________________________ _______________________________________

40. * An amazing example of a colony is a __________. * A beehive is ___________________________.

41. * All insects must protect themselves. * Bees and wasps have _______________ to protect themselves. * Many other insects use ______________. * Camouflage allows an insect to hide by ___ _______________________________.

42. * Echinoderms are __________, ________, __________, ________, ____________, and _____________. * Echinoderm means _______________. All echinoderms have spiny skin.

43. There are ______ characteristics of echinoderms. All echinoderms have: Spiny skin An internal skeleton A five part body A water vascular system Tube feet

44. * All echinoderms have __________. Some of them have small hair-like spines, like the starfish. * Some echinoderms have long spines, like the sea urchin.

45. * The internal skeleton of an echinoderm is made of _______________________. * The water vascular system also helps an echinoderm _____. * An echinoderm’s water vascular system is _________________________________.

46. * Echinoderms have __________. * An echinoderm’s tube feet are used for _________________________________.

47. * Starfish are also called ___________. * Starfish have __________ arms connected to a central body. * On the bottom of the arms are hundreds of ___________ that look like suction cups.

48. * A starfish uses its tube feet to move and to open its food. * A starfish is able to re-grow its arms.

49. * Sea urchins have longer and sharper ________ that they use to protect themselves. * Some sea urchins have ________ spines.

50. * Sea urchins have a mouth hidden under its body. * A sea urchin uses its five teeth to eat ____________. * A sea urchin is not very active. Sometimes, it does move slowly using its __________. When not moving it uses its feet to stick to the ocean floor.