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Published byShona Rice Modified over 9 years ago
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Body Tissues Overview Tissues are groups of cells with similar structures and functions. There are four basic types of tissues that each have their own general function 1. Epithelium (covering) 2. Connective (support) 3. Muscle (movement) 4. Nervous (control)
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Epithelial Tissues Epithelial tissues cover and line the body. The function of epithelial tissues is to protect, absorb, filter and secrete. Examples of epithelial tissues include: the skin and the linings of organs such as the stomach and kidneys.
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Classification of Epithelium Each epithelium tissue has two parts to its name. The first part classifies the tissue by number of layers: 1. Simple epithelium = one layer of cells 2. Stratified epithelium = multiple layers of cells 3. Pseudo-stratified epithelium = one layer that appears to have multiple layers SIMPLE STRATIFIED PSEUDO-STRATIFIED
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Classification of Epithelium The second part classifies the tissue by shape: 1. Squamous cells = flat like fish scales 2. Cuboidal cells = cubes like dice 3. Columnar = tall rectangles like columns SQUAMOUS CUBOIDAL COLUMNAR
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Types of Epithelial Tissues
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Connective Tissues Connective tissues connect body parts and are the most abundant type of tissue. The function of the connective tissue is to protect, cover and bind. Examples of connective tissues include bone, cartilage and fat. Cartilage Tendon Fat
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Types of Connective Tissue There are five types of connective tissue: 1. Bone – protects and supports body organs 1. Cartilage – softer and more flexible than bone, covers the ends of bones. 1. Dense Connective Tissue – includes “rope-like” structures such as tendons and ligaments 1. Loose Connective Tissue – includes soft tissues such as fat that protect and hold together body organs 1. Blood – blood cells surrounded by blood plasma
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Muscle Tissues Muscle tissues contract and shorten to produce body movement. There are three types of muscle tissue: 1. Skeletal Muscle –controls voluntary movement such as contracting leg or arm muscles or creating facial expressions 2. Cardiac Muscle – controls involuntary movement, which allows the heart to pump and move blood through the body 3. Smooth Muscle – controls involuntary movement, which allows the organs to pass substances to the next organ
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Nervous Tissues Nervous tissues are made of cells called neurons. Neurons receive and conduct electrical impulses from one part of the body to another, which allows messages to be communicated between the brain and other parts of the body. Neurons and their supporting cells make up the structures of the nervous system: the brain, spinal cord and nerves.
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