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The Vertebrates
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Vertebrate Characteristics
Vertebrae (backbone) Notochord (flexible dorsal rod) Nerve cord (hollow) with brain Three layers of cells as an embryo Coelom (body cavity) Tissues and organs Endoskeleton
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What are the 5 vertebrate animal groups?
FISH AMPHIBIANS REPTILES BIRDS MAMMALS
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The Vertebrate species breakdown:
On a sheet of paper, make a list of as many animals as you can think of from each of the five groups.
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The Vertebrate species breakdown:
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The Animal Kingdom species breakdown:
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The Animal Kingdom species breakdown (without insects):
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FISH 3 Classes I. Agnatha (Jawless fish) Lamprey eels Hagfishes
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(Cartilaginous fishes)
3 Classes II. Chondrichthyes (Cartilaginous fishes) Sharks,Rays,Skates
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Ray versus Skate Rays are viviparous (bearing live young)
Skates are oviparous (laying eggs). Skates have one or two dorsal fins Rays generally do not have a dorsal fin Rays have flat plate-like teeth. Skates have cusped teeth.
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FISH 3 Classes III. Osteichthyes (Bony Fish) 20,000 species!
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Fish Facts Use gills to breathe and swim bladder for depth Have scales
Jaws and Bony skeleton Vertebrae provide flexibility (mobility) 2-chambered hearts most have external fertilization highly developed sensory systems & smell lateral line system: fluid-filled canals that allow detection of movement and vibration
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Amphibians “double life” they start as aquatic larva and grow into a
FROGS “double life” they start as aquatic larva and grow into a terrestrial adult! CAECILIANS NEWTS TOADS SALAMANDERS
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AMPHIBIAN FACTS Ectotherms (body temp = surroundings)
Metamorphosis (tadpole to frog) 3-chambered heart for more energy Breathe through skin (so must stay moist)
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