1. Learning objective: Practice writing about how gender is constructed technical aspects

2. Possible AS Exam Question Answer the question below, with detailed references to specific examples from the extract only. 1.Discuss the ways in which the extract constructs the representation of gender using the following: Camera shots, angles, movement and composition Editing Sound Mise en scene

3. Some general keywords Representation (under-represented, over-represented?) (Traditional or modern) stereotype –questioning/challenging, reinforcing, subverting, exposing…. Oppression Complex/multi-layered Symbolism Connotes Stock type Archetype Realism Constructed/de-constructed Audience (effect upon) Gender (e.g. women as commodities, sexual imbalance) Age Ethnicity Class Sexuality Disability/ability Region Post-feminist Post-modernist

4. Keyword brainstorming in pairs Brainstorm key editing terms Brainstorm key sound terms

5. Some sound keywords Score (Non) Diegetic Amplification – made louder Bass – a low tone Cacophonous – a non-rhythmical noise Crescendo – a build up of sound to a climax Digital – computer generated sounds Discordant – sounds that conflict, are inharmonious Mechanical Melody – a series of notes that form a distinct pattern Monotone – a single tone Oscillating – sound that goes up and down in pitch and tone Rhythmic – a regular pattern of beats Synchronised – sound working together with the visuals Symphonic – a collection of instruments in an orchestra.

6. Continuity editing – “invisible” editing (“match on action”, “shot-reverse-shot”) – linear narrative (flash backs)? Rhythm – pace of editing: –Quick for action sequences? –Slow for character studies? Cross cutting – alternates 2 (or more) lines of action that occur in different places, usually at the same time Transitions – uncommon in TV drama, except for straight cuts. They explicitly connect shots in some way. Examples include: –Fade –Wipe –Dissolve Effects – making the editing obvious: –Motion control: speed up, slow motion, freeze frame –Picture effects: black and white, split screen (vs cross cutting), captions, tinting, colouring Some editing keywords

7. Gender Stereotypes What are some of the gender stereotypes we would associate with men and women?. Men: Breadwinner Not in touch with their emotions- rational Obsessed by sport and sex Physically stronger Immature Competitive Aggressive Ruthless Women: Emotional irrational Gossip Mature and responsible Maternal Domesticated Physically weaker Supportive and sensitive

8. Keyword brainstorming in pairs Brainstorm general descriptive keywords (e.g. connotes, archetype)

9. For the following short clips 1.Watch clip – do not take notes 2.Watch clip 3 more times – take notes on how gender is constructed using 2 technical aspects 3.Compare notes with your partner 4.Selected feedback to the group 5.Watch clip again 6.Write at least 2 paragraphs on the construction of gender 7.Peer assess – WWW and EBI

10. connotes represents symbolises subverts stereotypes archetype stock type constructs audience post-feminist post-modernantagonist protagonist complex multi-faceted patriarchal/matriarchal status/power portrays subservient passionate/dispassionate tension mood atmosphere appropriate hybrid tyrant (anti) hero reinforces

11. Survivors (gender) http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/p006hp34 Eastenders http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cHjfdeVvJP0

12. Traditional gender stereotypes are subverted; Janine is a dominant, aggressive female, Barry a