1. Intellectual Development of Toddlers (1-3)

2. Brain Development
Children learn about concepts & these concepts are placed into general categories of information- Adaptation, (new) assimilation
Children adjust what they know with new information. They categorize & organize by color, shape, and size - accommodation
Examples: “balls are round and so are cookies”
“grass & leaves are both green”

4. Brain Development
Windows of Opportunity- time span for normal development of an area
Brain Function
Window of Opportunity
Vocabulary & Speech
0-3 years old
Math & Logic
1-4 years old

5. Areas of Intellect Attention Reasoning
1-3 have short attention span due to sensory in the environment
1-3 easily distracted
By 3 able to focus on 1 task for a longer period of time
Ability to solve problems, make decisions, & recognize relationships
Provide opportunities for decisions

6. Areas of Intellect Perception Memory
Information learned from using the 5 senses
Sensory information reinforces connections in the brain and sparks new ones
Asks many questions
As children develop they are able to react to a situation by remembering an experience
Long term memory develops by age 3 (retain facts)

7. Areas of Intellect Imagination Curiosity
Uses imagination to connect what they see and hear with themselves
Respond carefully to imagination
May help children cope with anxiety or scary concepts
Curiosity is what makes a child wonder “why & how”
Parents must learn to encourage curiosity and not stifle it

8. Types of Learning Incidental Trial & Error Unplanned Learning
Usually occurs when children happen to so something and they learn from the experience
A child will try several different ways or solutions and then the activity, task, or item will work

9. Ways to Encourage Creativity Provide multipurpose toys Don’t criticize
Areas of Intellect
Ways to Encourage Creativity
Provide multipurpose toys
Don’t criticize
Give rewards
Encourage exploration
Provide uninterrupted time
Creativity- imagination is used to produce original ideas
Developed in early childhood

10. Types of Learning Directed Imitation
Learning that is the result of being taught by a parent, caregiver, or older sibling
Learning by watching others and then doing what they do

11. Readiness to Learn
Children will learn new skills when they are physically and intellectually able to.
Child cannot be pushed into learning something that is not age appropriate or developmentally appropriate

12. Readiness to Learn Reading Readiness Math Readiness
Involves learning the necessary skills needed for reading
Focus on excitement
Teach children how to handle books
During read aloud, point to words
Let children choose what they read
Depends on the interest level in learning math
Provide blocks & puzzles
Undirected play
Count and make games for number recognition

13. How to Promote Learning
Allow time to think
Model problem solving
Keep explanations simple
Exploration & Discovery
Think & Draw Conclusions
Provide lots of time & attention

14. Speech Development Language ability grows quickly
Inborn ability to decipher words & sounds
Articulation (ability to speak clearly) is not clear until age 3 or 4

15. Speech Development 12 months 2 years old Speaks 2 to 8 words
Children use 1-2 words rather than sentences
Telegraphic speech
Vocabulary is about words
Start combining some words to make sentences
Uses pronouns (I, we, you, they)
Expressive language

16. Speech Development 2 1/2 years old 3 years old
Begins to make words plural by adding an s to the end of words
Then starts to add s to the end of all words
Say their name
Make all vowel sounds
4 word sentences
P, B, M, W, H, D, T, N
Answer “what & when” questions
Speak without repeating words and syllables
900 words

17. Intellectual Developmental Milestones of Toddlers
Year
Milestone
One
Finds hidden objects
Vocabulary of 4-10 words
Two
Follows simple directions
Identifies colors
Points to objects and words in a book
Recognizes self in mirror
Three
Sorts by color and shape
Can give 1 on command
Spatial concepts
Count & point to 3 objects

18. Word History Game Write the word neuroscience on your paper.
Fill in the following sentences
Neuro is the Greek name for __________.
The _______ was not always believed to be ________.
Aristotle taught his students that _________ was stored in the heart.

19. Word History Game
4. Egyptians are credited with the oldest written document using the term _____________. 5. Egyptians removed the ____________ through the nostrils. 6. A document concerning _______________ was written in 1700 BC.