1. World War II

2. Payback Time  The Germans were ordered to pay back a huge sum of money for WWI, what was this called?  War reparations.  What did Germany decide to do when their money ran out?  The Germans kept printing more and more and more……

3. The Depression Hits Europe  In 1929 when the stock market crash happened, the United States asked for what back? (from Germany)  The money loaned to Germany causing unemployment to grow

4. Looking for a Leader  Inflation:  An economic condition when money loses its value as prices rise. (look at the graphic on pg. 149)  So….  How did the problems of national debt, inflation, and unemployment leave the German people open to accept a leader like Adolf Hitler?  People were scared and desperate. Hitler promised to end there suffering.

5. Looking for a Leader  What group was Hitler in charge of?  National Socialist Party- Nazis for short.

6. The Rise of Fascism, The Start of War Fascism- a political philosophy in which power is given to a dictator. Individual freedoms are denied and racism and nationalism are emphasized. Fascist leaders/Axis Powers were:  Adolf Hitler- Germany  Benito Mussolini- Italy  Hideki Tojo- Japan  Eventually, fascism led to the invasion of Poland Eventually, fascism led to the invasion of Poland

7. Allies Reunite  What two countries demanded that Germany withdraw from Poland?  Great Britain and France.  Why did the Soviet Union join the Allies?  Because Germany turned on the Soviets and started invading the U.S.S.R.

8. The Axis Powers: A Trio of Evil  How did Japan, located in Asia, enter a mostly European situation?  They wanted to invade China, and the U.S.S.R. was in the way.

9. Allies after 1941  Winston Churchill- Great Britain  FDR & Harry Truman- U.S.A.  Joseph Stalin- Soviet Union (U.S.S.R.)

10. Pearl Harbor  December 7, 1941  2,400 men killed and 1178 wounded.  This led to the United States forgetting about isolationism and declaring war on Japan.  When the U.S. declared war on Japan who declared war on the U.S.?  Germany and Italy. “A Day which will live in infamy” “A Day which will live in infamy” (FDR)

11. Pearl Harbor

12. America goes to War  Tension had been building between America and Japan because of what?  Japan’s aggression in East Asia.

13. Lend Lease  The U.S. lent military equipment to Great Britain for use of what?  For military bases in Bermuda and the Caribbean  What was the lend lease program?  Billions of dollars of military equipment was given to the Allies in hopes they could hold off the Germans without American soldiers.

14. The Battle of Britain  Paris, France had fallen to who?  Germany  London was bombarded by what?  German bombs (Battle of Britain)

15. FDR Four Freedoms

16. On the Home Front  When and why did the Great Depression end?  With the U.S. involvement in WWII  Factory workers were needed to produce military goods.

17. Women and the War  With a majority of men drafted for war, who was left to work in the factories?  Women

18. Saving Every Scrap  War meant shortages of things like sugar, gas, meat, and butter, what was this called?  Rationing  Many families grew gardens.  Victory

19. Breaking Down Racial Barriers  How did new jobs for African Americans at the start of the war help temporarily breakdown racial barriers?  Black workers and craftsmen were hired by defense plants.  But, discrimination still continued.

20. Japanese Internment Camps  Japanese Americans had to deal with what?  Distrust from other Americans and displacement to internment camps.  Most were American born.

21. The Holocaust “Aryan Supremacy”-  Belief that blond haired blued people were a master race. What happened to Jewish people?  Their businesses were boycotted, they couldn’t work for the government, and they couldn’t go to public events. Anti-Semitism: discrimination against Jewish people.

22. Holocaust Holocaust-  The systematic attempt to rid Europe of all Jewish people.

23. The Night of Broken Glass When did this occur?  November 9, 1938. What was the night of broken glass?  In Nazi controlled areas storm troopers beat Jewish people and vandalized their homes.  Afterwards, Jewish people were fined by the government and forced into all Jewish neighborhoods called ghettos.

24. Concentration Camps Jewish people were forced into ghetto’s only to be what?  Forced onto railcars that took them to forced work camps.  These work camps would become death camps. “Arbeit macht frei” “Work makes one free”

25. Fighting Back Jewish people did what to evade the Nazi’s?  They hid in sewers, under floor boards, and in closets. They had to remaining quiet and still for days at a time.

26. With an End in Sight Why were the Nazi’s hiding their death camps?  Because they were losing the war and did not want Allied forces to find them.  11,000,000 people were killed through Nazi death camps.  6,000,000 Jewish people  250,000 Gypsy’s  3,000,000 Soviet soldiers  2,000,000 Poles and other Slavic people.

27. The Battle of Midway Why was the Battle of Midway considered a “turning point”?  Japan lost 4 battleships along with 228 planes and their best pilots.

28. Stalingrad Why is this battle so important?  It is a turning point on the Eastern front. Germany has no more major victories on the Eastern front.

29. D-Day: June 6, 1944 Why was Normandy significant to the liberation of Western Europe?  It allowed the Allies to gain a foothold in Europe, effectively numbering Hitler’s days.

30. Iwo Jima Why did the Allies need Iwo Jima?  For an emergency landing site for planes attacking Japanese cities.

31. The Manhattan Project: The Atomic Bomb Why did research into an atomic bomb begin?  The Allies were scared that the Nazi’s would develop one first.

32. A Blast Heard Round the World What were the names of the two atomic bombs dropped?  “Little Boy” and “Fat Man” What was the name of the B-29 that dropped the nuclear bombs?  Enola Gay

33. Nuclear Blast  Hiroshima Hiroshima  Nagasaki Nagasaki

34. War’s Terrible Toll Obviously people were happy that the war was over, but what problems remained?  What to do with Germany. What new problems were developing?  The Soviet Union had taken and imposed their communist government on all of Eastern Europe.