1. Goal 10 Part 4 The Home Front WWII

2. Social Adjustments = G.I. BILL OF RIGHTS WWII is over = soldiers come home! WWII TIMEFRAME: 1939-1945 Problem: Not ready for society! Solution: GI BILL OF RIGHTS also known as the Servicemen’s Readjustment Act - provided education, loans for purchasing homes and job training for veterans of WWII - to ease that transition from wartime to peaceful society

3. Tension / Racism in America after WWII “ZOOT SUIT RIOTS”  Mexican-American style of dress to rebel against tradition in America  11 American soldiers claimed “Zoot Suits” attacked them – “NATIVISM?????”  Reaction: American mobs went into Mexican- American neighborhoods, ripped off their suits and beat them

4. Congress of Racial Equality (C.O.R.E) 1942 – CORE confronts “urban” segregation (Example: Great Migration)  North – Racism is there or snowballs

5. Internment of Japanese Americans Pearl Harbor stunned the nation Early 1942, mass evacuation of Japanese Americans occurred! U.S. government forced them into “INTERNMENT” camps (separate confinement camps housing nearly 1,500 Japanese Americans behind barbed wire) **** Executive Order 9066 **** - issued by FDR to remove Japanese Americans and place them in internment camps Purpose: NATIONAL SECURITY / protecting American citizens & MILITARY NECESSITY CAUSED BY: PEARL HARBOR EVENT (Japan was the “enemy state”)

7. Korematsu V. U.S. (1944) Fred Korematsu = born in the U.S. Story: REFUSED to leave and go to the internment camps! Korematsu – arrested and convicted of a crime Ruling: Korematsu’s conviction was upheld (military necessity / national security) EX = “court –sanctioned racism” ex. Dred Scott / Plessy V. Ferguson (low points of Supreme Court) Overturned in the 1980s (Japanese Americans posed NO proven threat on America) $20,000 were given to pay reparations to these Japanese-Americans. COMMON CONNECTION: Korematsu V. U.S. (WWII) & Schenk V. U.S. (WWI) ****CIVIL LIBERTIES!!!!*****

8. Housing Crisis (VERY IMPORTANT) After WWII = SEVERE housing problem/ housing shortage! Solution: William Levitt created “SUBURBS” – communities surrounding cities ($7,000) ***** VERY FIRST SUBURB ****** “Levittown”

10. Baby Boom Late 1940s,1950s, 1960s Birthrate went up!!! One kid was born every 7 seconds Reasons:  Reunion of families  Decreasing marriage age  Desire to have a family  Confidence in economy **************THE GRAYING OF AMERICA***************** Baby Boomers are now old!

11. Harry S. Truman Sworn in after FDR’s death (‘45) Elected in 1948  Planned a “FAIR DEAL” piggy-backed off of FDR’s New Deal (economic help for American people and businesses) Results: raised hourly wage, extended Social Security, and built housing units for low - income families Picture: Chicago Tribune ran this inaccurate headline on November 3, 1948 showing New York Governor defeating Harry Truman Trying to beat deadlines – the staff “felt” they had it right based on early returns of voters

12. 1948 Election of Harry Truman MOST IMPORTANT LEGACY OF TRUMAN  INTEGRATION OF THE MILITARY *1 st time a president used an executive order to combat civil rights issues Executive Order 9981 Political Risk: Loss of Republican vote