1. T. Trimpe 2008 http://sciencespot.net/
Bonding Basics
8th Grade Science
T. Trimpe

2. Section A: Complete the chart using a periodic table to help you.
Element
Atomic Symbol
Total # of electrons
# of Valance Electrons
# of Electrons gained or lost
Oxidation Number
Chlorine
Potassium
Magnesium
Fluorine
Aluminum
Sodium
Nitrogen
Oxygen
Carbon
Iodine

3. # of Electrons gained or lost
Section A: Complete the chart using a periodic table to help you. Check your work!
Element
Atomic Symbol
Total # of electrons
# of Valance Electrons
# of Electrons gained or lost
Oxidation Number
Chlorine
 Cl
17   7
1 gained 
 -1
Potassium K 
19  1 
1 lost
+1 
Magnesium
 Mg
 12 2 
 2 lost
+2 
Fluorine F  9  7 
-1 
Aluminum
Al 
13  3 
3 lost 
+3 
Sodium Na
11 
1 lost 
Nitrogen N  5 
3 gained 
-3 
Oxygen O  8  6 
2 gained 
-2 
Carbon C  4 
4 gained or lost 
+/- 4 
Iodine I 
53 

4. NEGATIVE POSITIVE ION CATION ANION
Answer these questions:
An atom that gains one or more electrons will have a ____________________ charge.
An atom that loses one or more electrons will have a ____________________ charge.
An atom that gains or loses one or more electrons is called an ____________.
A positive ion is called a ______________ and a negative ion is called an _______________.
NEGATIVE
POSITIVE
ION
CATION
ANION
“An-Eye-On”
“Cat-Eye-On”

5. ELECTRONS COMPLETE METAL NONMETAL
What is an ionic bond?
Atoms will transfer one or more ________________ to another to form the bond.
Each atom is left with a ________________ outer shell.
An ionic bond forms between a ___________ ion with a positive charge and a ________________ ion with a negative charge.
ELECTRONS
COMPLETE
METAL
NONMETAL

6. Steps for Ionic Bonding 1. draw dot diagrams 2
Steps for Ionic Bonding 1. draw dot diagrams 2. Transfer Electrons with arrows  3. (Draw more dot diagrams) 4. Write ions (atom with a charge. 5. Formula- write it out!
Example B1: Sodium + Chlorine Example B2: Magnesium + Iodine

7. Example B3: Potassium + Iodine Example B4: Sodium + Oxygen
Example B5: Calcium + Chlorine Example B6: Aluminum + Chlorine

8. SHARE COMPLETE NONMETAL
What is a covalent bond?
Atoms ___________ one or more electrons with each other to form the bond.
Each atom is left with a ________________ outer shell.
A covalent bond forms between two _________________.
SHARE
COMPLETE
NONMETAL

9. Steps for Covalent Bonding 1. Draw dot diagrams 2
Steps for Covalent Bonding 1. Draw dot diagrams 2. Drw Circles ( e- that are shared) 3. (Draw more dot diagrams) 4. Line Drawings 5. Formula- write it out!
Example C1: Hydrogen + Hydrogen Example C2: 2 Hydrogen + Oxygen

10. Example C3: Chlorine + Chlorine Example C4: Oxygen + Oxygen
Example C5: Carbon + 2 Oxygen Example C6: Carbon + 4 Hydrogen