1. An Educational Perspective Based on Information Contained In The Indiana Prevention Resource Center Factline on Anabolic Steroids.

2. By the end of this presentation: you will have… (1) Been exposed to general information about Anabolic Steroids. (2) Learned some basic facts about Anabolic Steroid users in Indiana. (3) Viewed the potential consequences of Anabolic Steroid use, both short-term and long-term. (4) Learned about prevention efforts in Indiana. Indiana Prevention Resource Center

3. Anabolic Steroids are synthetic derivatives of the male sex hormone testosterone. Athletes use them for their strength enhancing effects and seemingly aesthetic benefits on muscle mass. Indiana Prevention Resource Center The escalating use of anabolic steroids in recent years indicates increased concern for physical appearance and endurance among adolescents.

4. Testosterone, under the brand name Straint®, and its analogues, anabolic steroids, under the brand names Anadrol®, Deca-Durabolin ®, Durabolin®, Hybolin-Improved®, Kabolin®, Oxandrin®, and Winstrol® have been in medical use in United States since the 1930s. They are prescribed for medical conditions such as delayed puberty in males, breast cancer, burns and various autoimmune diseases. Indiana Prevention Resource Center

5. Anabolic steroids can be taken orally in tablet, powder or liquid form or be injected intramuscularly. Injectable steroids are either oil or water-based steroids, with oil steroids lasting longer than water-based.

6. Indiana Prevention Resource Center The use of steroids has long been associated with the field of sports, resulting in many ethical and medical concerns for processional athletes. - Recently, the crisis of anabolic steroid use has also penetrated the vulnerable world of children and adolescents.

7. Indiana Prevention Resource Center Source: Indiana Prevention Resource Center, 2005. - Survey measures indicate that steroid use among Indiana Students is decreasing. - In 2004, 2.3 percent of students in Indiana reported steroid use, which was lower than the national rate of 3.4 percent in the same year

8. Indiana Prevention Resource Center Most of the steroids found in the United States are obtained through illegal importation from Mexico and European countries where they are sold without prescription. Steroids are also reportedly stolen from pharmaceutical labs, inappropriately prescribed and, less commonly, clandestinely produced.

9. Indiana Prevention Resource Center Acquiring steroids is not difficult: - Steroids are sold illegally as performance enhancing drugs in gyms and fitness clubs. - They may also be obtained through mail order suppliers or at athletic competitions.

10. Indiana Prevention Resource Center Working through a set of biochemical reactions in the body, anabolic steroids produce creatine phosphate, an immediate source of energy for muscles, allowing athletes to train harder and for longer periods of time. In addition, steroids augment the production of proteins by the body, thus increasing lean body mass.

11. Indiana Prevention Resource Center Short Term Effects For Both Sexes: Aggressiveness Severe Acne Swollen Feet Hostility Oily Skin Nervousness

12. Indiana Prevention Resource Center Short Term Effects For Males: Premature Baldness Ejaculatory Problems Testicular Degeneration Impotence Breast development Decreased Libido

13. Indiana Prevention Resource Center Short Term Effects For Females: Irreversible Musculinizing Effect Increased Body Hair Deepening of the Voice Reduction of the Breasts Menstrual Irregularities Uterine Atrophy

14. Indiana Prevention Resource Center Cardiovascular disease Hypertension Early heart Attack and Stroke Liver Damage Increased Risk of Liver Cancer Stunted Height Depression Hostility and Aggression

15. Indiana Prevention Resource Center Prevention of Anabolic Steroid use can be accomplished by: Increased awareness of the dangers of the drug Promotion of a healthy self-image Recognition of the signs and symptoms of use Identify and treat individuals with low self-esteem and distorted body image (common indicators of abuse)

16. Currently, Anabolic Steroids are a schedule III substance. The penalty for possession of the drug without a prescription is a fine of $1,000 and a one year in prison. Involvement in trafficking of the drug could result in a $50 million fine and 10 years in prison. Indiana Prevention Resource Center

17. The Indiana Prevention Resource Center’s Survey on Alcohol, Tobacco, and Other Drug Use by Indiana Children and Adolescents; Data from 1996-2005. http://www.drugs.indiana.edu/survey/atod/index.html The Indiana Criminal Justice Institute http://www.in.gov/cji/index.html The National Institute on Drug Abuse www.nida.nih.gov/ Indiana Prevention Resource Center

18. Content in this presentation based, in part, on a Factline produced by Bilesha Perera, Ph.D, MS in 2005 and © The Indiana Prevention Resource Center. Contact us Indiana Prevention Resource Center 2735 East 10th Street, CA110 Bloomington, IN 47408-2602 Phone: 1-800-346-3077 or 812-855-1237 Fax: 812-855-4940 E-mail: drugprc@indiana.edudrugprc@indiana.edu http://www.drugs.indiana.edu The Indiana Prevention Resource Center is funded, in part, by a contract with the Indiana Family and Social Services Administration, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, financially supported through HHS/Substance Abuse Mental Health Services Administration, Center for Substance Abuse Prevention, Substance Abuse Prevention and Treatment Block Grant. The IPRC is operated by the Indiana University Department of Applied Health Science and School of Health, Physical Education and Recreation. It is affiliated with the Department's Institute of Drug Abuse Prevention. The opinions expressed herein are those of the authors and not necessarily those of the Trustees of Indiana University or the Indiana Family and Social Services Administration. Indiana University accepts full responsibility for the content of this publication. © Copyright, 2005 by the Trustees of Indiana University. Indiana Prevention Resource Center