1. Office of Science U.S. Department of Energy FY07 OMB Briefing Draft v1.0

2. Office of Science U.S. Department of Energy Big Issues  Future of HEP facilities  Bfactory operations end after FY06  Lose ~ a factor of two in data (vs over target), cede CP violation physics to Japan  Large number (~300) of RIFs, bumpy transition to LCLS  Tevatron operations end after FY08  Lose ~30-50% of data, possible indications of new physics before LHC  No new domestic facilities other than NuMI from 2008 until super neutrino beam (2015)  ILC on slow track (construction start 2015?)

3. Office of Science U.S. Department of Energy Big Issues  Research retrenchment  Core research and tech R&D reduced $19M at a time when manpower needs for LHC are peaking, and Tevatron continuing  Large redirections out of B-factory program  Major realignment of university program; Research productivity seriously impacted  By 2011, 25% of research workforce (~500 FTEs) will have left HEP  US leadership role in HEP will be limited

4. Office of Science U.S. Department of Energy Big Issues  Research infrastructure  The Energy Sciences Network (ESNet) upgrade is not funded in the ASCR Target  This seriously impacts the ability of U.S. researchers to analyze LHC data  There will be reduced physics payoff with only limited U.S. participation in LHC discoveries after a $0.6+B investment

5. Office of Science U.S. Department of Energy Big Issues  Interagency partnerships  SNAP pre-conceptual R&D completes in 2007  No path forward for JDEM w/o interagency plan and additional resources; DOE and NASA are engaging  NSF future HEP priorities (other than LHC) not yet crystallized; impacts on ILC, dark energy, neutrinos?  International partnerships  Premature end of B-factory, Tevatron programs will further degrade US standing (after BTeV, RSVP) as a “good partner” for int’l HEP projects  Increases difficulty of getting foreign contributions for neutrino and dark energy initiatives, ILC R&D,…

6. Office of Science U.S. Department of Energy HEP Program Performance  COV  PART measures  Anything else?

7. Office of Science U.S. Department of Energy Top 5 HEP Results in FY2005 1.QCD comes of age  Nobel for Gross, Politzer and Wilczek  Lattice QCD now a predictive science 2.ILC R&D becomes truly global  Formation of Global Design Effort  U.S. R&D now centrally managed  Reference design published by end of year 3.NuMI starts up: the era of precision neutrino physics begins 4.Run II results confronting the SM  is Higgs really “just around the corner”? 5.Babar/Belle results reverting to SM? 6.CDMS II data start to rule out light SUSY particles as dark matter candidates (if we can have 11 extra dimensions we can have 1 extra result)

8. Office of Science U.S. Department of Energy HEP FY2005 news “below the fold”  SDSS observes matter oscillations in the early universe  Initial results from (partially completed) Auger on ultra-high energy cosmic rays  MiniBooNE to announce results on possible high- mass neutrinos “any day now.”  Advances in future accelerator concepts  First photonic bandgap accelerator structure  Beam-driven plasma wakefield acceleration exp’t achieves gradient of 45 GV/meter over 30 cm  Laser-driven plasma wakefield achieves similar gradients over few mm with excellent beam quality

9. Office of Science U.S. Department of Energy Why are we funding HEP, anyway?  Basic science  Fundamental, curiosity-driven research: “high-risk/high-reward”  No one else is going to fund it if gov’ts don’t  Payoffs not predictable but often large (homework: estimate fraction of GDP that relies on quantum mechanics)  Provides answers to questions about how the universe came to be and how it will evolve that interest everyone.  Big science  International visibility and prestige, Nobels  Workforce is well-prepared for industry and technical careers  Enabling science  HEP accelerator and detector technology enables many other scientific disciplines (NP, materials science, molecular biology,…), and supports other (non-science) DOE missions

10. Office of Science U.S. Department of Energy Pithy Quotes from important folks

11. Office of Science U.S. Department of Energy FY07 HEP Strategy  The top future facility priority is ILC  This is the most compelling –maybe revolutionary– science of the next 20 years  Validated internally (HEPAP and foreign HEP panel studies) and externally (NAS study)  LHC data will tell us the lay of the land  e.g., “vanilla” SM vs SUSY vs large extra dim vs…?  International community is organizing under GDE and getting ready for a real design  Need an R&D profile that allows us to be ready for key decisions when the time comes. Cannot do it on a falling budget.

12. Office of Science U.S. Department of Energy FY07 HEP Strategy  But organizing a multi-$B int’l project is hard, and will take time: witness ITER  GDE developing ~5-year R&D plan  Need a compelling, world-class HEP program in the interim before ILC go/no-go decision:  Energy frontier (Tevatron  LHC)  Neutrinos  Dark energy/dark matter

13. Office of Science U.S. Department of Energy Impacts of FY07 HEP Target: “What’s Out” Operations of SLAC B-factory will be terminated at the beginning of FY 2007  Only costs are for linac maintenance, physics analysis support and PEP-II D&D. Assumes BES contribution of $40M for linac ops.  Detector and accelerator upgrades planned for installation in FY 2006 will be abandoned.  Cede to Japan all future B-factory discoveries and the scientific prestige that follows, after an ~$0.8B investment in construction and operations over a decade  Estimate ~300 FTE RIFs in FY07, some of which will be picked up by the BES program to support LCLS construction and operations.  Total PEP-II luminosity will be ~500 fb-1 (compare to ~900 fb-1 in Over Target)

14. Office of Science U.S. Department of Energy Impacts of FY07 HEP Target: Significant Reductions Research Program Significantly Reduced  Overall core research and technology R&D activities in the HEP program will be reduced by ~$19M in FY 2007 to meet overall budget constraints.  Reductions in these areas will be partially offset (at the ~30-40% level) by ramp-up of new initiatives  Rapid ramp-down of B-factory research and major program realignment will begin.  40 universities, 3 DOE labs (LBNL, LLNL and SLAC) and ~300 foreign researchers currently participate in this program  Estimate an elimination of ~100 university research FTEs and ~70 laboratory research FTEs in FY 2007, not including potential offsets from new initiatives

15. Office of Science U.S. Department of Energy Impacts of FY07 HEP Target: “What’s In” Facility Operations  Tevatron Collider and NuMI: Both the Tevatron Collider and the NuMI beam line will continue to run a technically- limited schedule in FY 2007.  Maintains U.S. leadership in energy frontier research and accelerator-based neutrino physics.  Overall effort reduced due to completion of Run II upgrades and operations-related R&D

16. Office of Science U.S. Department of Energy Impacts of FY07 HEP Target: “What’s In” Research  LHC: Support final installation, commissioning, and initial operations of the U.S.-supplied components of the LHC.  Facilitate remote participation by U.S. physicists in the start-up activities of the LHC  Support the software and computing infrastructure needed to provide U.S. scientists rapid and easy access to LHC data.  Note that the success of this program relies on ASCR providing an upgraded ESNet to access enormous LHC datasets. This upgrade is not funded in the ASCR Target.  ILC R&D: Pre-conceptual design of Linear Collider systems.  A reference design and preliminary cost is to be competed by the end of 2006, and this will identify key areas for aggressive R&D to reduce costs and/or improve operational reliability.

17. Office of Science U.S. Department of Energy Impacts of FY07 HEP Target: “What’s In” New Initiatives  SNAP R&D: Develop new space-based experimental tools to study the mysterious dark energy  Pre-conceptual R&D for the SNAP mission concept will be completed in FY 2007.  The SNAP R&D effort will not continue past FY2007 in the absence of additional resources in the outyears and an interagency agreement on how to proceed.  Neutrinos: The R&D effort begun in FY2006 to develop new accelerator and detector technologies to enhance future neutrino physics program will continue, including:  Reactor-based experiment to precisely measure nu mixing  Dedicated electron neutrino appearance exp’t w/ NuMI beam  Neutrinoless double-beta decay exp’t (joint with NP)

18. Office of Science U.S. Department of Energy FY07 Over Target

19. Office of Science U.S. Department of Energy Impacts of FY07 HEP Over Target: “What’s In” Facility Operations  Full operations of SLAC B-factory will be restored. Assumes BES contribution of $40M for linac ops.  Detector and accelerator upgrades planned for installation in FY 2006 to provide increased luminosity and cope with higher data rates will proceed as planned.  FY 2007 PEP-II luminosity will be ~150 fb-1.  Resolve whether current intriguing discrepancies in physics results between the SLAC B-factory and the Japanese B- factory are signs of new physics  Estimate ~80 FTE RIFs from SLAC HEP program in FY 2007 due to overall budget constraints, some of which will be picked up by BES to support LCLS construction.

20. Office of Science U.S. Department of Energy Impacts of FY07 HEP Over Target: “What’s In” Research  ILC R&D: Expanded R&D and engineering that can support a 2011 construction start (see details)  Accelerated schedule for ILC construction positions the U.S. to regain world-leadership in HEP research in the next decade.  Restore core research and technology R&D: Overall core research activities in the HEP program will be restored to FY 2005 level-of-effort.  No RIFs in research activities.  The physics output of the B-factory and Tevatron Collider research programs will be maintained.

21. Office of Science U.S. Department of Energy Impacts of FY07 HEP Over Target: “What’s In” Research  ESNet Upgrade:  This upgrade is funded in the ASCR Over Target budget but scientific impacts to the HEP program are described here.  This effort will implement a new architecture to serve the networking needs of all of the Office of Science, enabling programs to meet their future scientific goals which rely on data-intensive research.  SC networking requirements are driven by analysis of LHC data in FY07; other programs (nanotech, GTL) in later years.  Enable US researchers to fully analyze LHC data, maximize physics payoff and take a leading role in LHC discoveries

22. Office of Science U.S. Department of Energy Impacts of FY07 HEP Over Target: “What’s In” New Initiatives  Dark Energy: Proceed with new experimental tools to study the mysterious dark energy  Joint DOE/NASA space-based mission concept will be completed in FY 2007; start eng. design in 2009 and fabrication in 2011.  Ground-based dark energy camera begins fab. in 2007  A new ground-based dark energy telescope begins advanced engineering design in 2007, with a fabrication start in 2009.  This is a multipurpose telescope with unique capabilities for studying dark energy and other phenomena, and would likely be a joint effort with the National Science Foundation (NSF).

23. Office of Science U.S. Department of Energy Impacts of FY07 HEP Over Target: “What’s In” New Initiatives  Neutrinos: Neutrino physics experiments begun in the FY 2007 Target will be expanded to provide:  Domestic experimental facilities (reactor-based neutrino experiment)  Optimized utilization of the NuMI facility, via an accelerated schedule for the electron neutrino appearance experiment that allows completion of the detector one year earlier.  New MIE project for neutrino physics experiment complementary to and independent of the double beta decay experiment funded by NP.  Super Neutrino Beam: Engineering design on this next- generation neutrino facility would begin in FY 2007, with a construction start in FY 2009.  This facility will allow comprehensive studies of neutrino properties by providing a neutrino beam 10 times more intense than those available with current accelerators.

24. Office of Science U.S. Department of Energy Outyear Impacts  To be provided

25. Office of Science U.S. Department of Energy HEP Program Details  Accelerator R&D  ILC R&D  SLAC Ops  Fermi Ops  Non Accel projects  Research highlights

26. Office of Science U.S. Department of Energy Accelerator R&D Overview  tbd

27. Office of Science U.S. Department of Energy ILC R&D Overview  In FY07, the GDE will deliver the reference design report and preliminary cost estimate for the ILC  Based on the “baseline configuration” developed in FY06  Design philosophy is “conservative” but allows for modifications that can lower cost and/or increase operational reliability  Top-notch management is in place and we are moving forward with all deliberate speed

28. Office of Science U.S. Department of Energy ILC R&D in FY2007 at Target  R&D effort ($35.2M) will be focused on cost- driving elements which are likely to offer the best return-on-investment, including:  Accelerating structures  Both improved gradient and manufacturability  Cryomodule assembly and testing facility  Understand and streamline assembly process  Higher-efficiency power modulators  Beam simulations to optimize parameters and ensure high- luminosity operations  Civil construction options

29. Office of Science U.S. Department of Energy ILC R&D in FY07 at Over Target  Increased funding ($60M) enables acceleration of R&D schedule and expansion in other areas:  Wider effort on improved RF cavities and cryomodule fabrication  Begin industrialization of fabrication in US  Development of higher-efficiency RF power sources (klystrons)  Expanded R&D on technically challenging ILC subsystems  Damping rings, positron source  Detector R&D, focused on long-lead items  Detailed site studies  The over target budget will bring US activities on ILC R&D to approximate parity with European and Asian partners:  Retain the momentum for US leadership in the ILC program.

30. Office of Science U.S. Department of Energy Budget Tables and Charts  The usual suspects

31. Office of Science U.S. Department of Energy FY 2007 OMB Budget (B/A in Millions) *Includes $18.2M for SBIR/STTR in FY 2006 and $17.0M for SBIR/STTR in FY 2007 Target, $20.0M Over Target. General Plant Projects14.6 22.321.8 Accelerator Improvements Projects 6.1 2.4 0.0 Capital Equipment63.7 39.840.7106.7 Total, Capital Operating Expenses84.4 74.562.5 128.5

32. Office of Science U.S. Department of Energy FY 2007 Budget Major Items of Equipment (B/A in Millions) Total Project Cost (TPC) Total Estimated Cost (TEC) Prior Year Appro- priationsFY 2005FY 2006FY 2007 Over Target Increment Over TargetAcceptance Date LHC — Machine111.591.987.84.10 000FY 2005 LHC — ATLAS Detector103.0 1 55.549.23.91.60.600FY 2007 LHC — CMS Detector147.0 2 71.864.13.52.9000FY 2008 GLAST/LAT45.0 3 45.033.611.40000FY 2005 Run IIb D-Zero10.7 4 10.78.81.90000FY 2006 VERITAS7.4 5 4.81.62.11.1000FY 2006 BaBar (IFR) Upgrade4.9 3.01.20.7000FY 2006 Electron Neutrino Appearance (EvA) Detector150.0 00010.3+12.322.6FY 2010 Reactor Neutrino Detector15.0 6 15.00003.0+7.010.0FY 2010 Ground-based Dark Energy Exp. (DES)20.0 000001.1FY 2009 Ground-based Dark Energy Exp. (LSST)105.0 0000+10.010.0FY 2012 Space-based Dark Energy Exp.280.0 0000+15.315.3FY 2016 Double Beta Decay Exp.5.0 7 5.00000+10.010.0FY 2011 Total, Major Items of Equipment28.16.315.4+62.678.0 1 The total US contribution (TPC) for this project is $163,750,000, including $60,800,000 from NSF. 2 The total US contribution (TPC) for this project is $167,250,000, including $20,200,000 from NSF. 3 The total TEC/TPC includes DOE scope only and reflects a rebaselining approved March 2005. 4 The total TPC for this project is $18,143,000 including $3,068,000 from NSF and $4,356,000 from foreign partners. 5 The total TPC for this project is $17,534,000 including $7,333,000 from NSF, $2,000,000 from the Smithsonian Institution, and $802,000 from foreign partners. 6 The Over Target level supports a major role in a domestic experimental facility for a reactor based neutrino experiment, with a preliminary estimated TEC/TPC of $75,000,000 7 At the Target, HEP and NP jointly support an initiative in neutrino-less double beta decay physics starting in FY 2008 with a combined preliminary estimated TEC/TPC of $63,000,000; the HEP TEC contribution is $5,000,000. At the Over Target, HEP pursues an independent competitive alternative technology double beta decay project starting in FY 2007 with a preliminary estimated TEC/TPC of $75,000,000.

33. Office of Science U.S. Department of Energy High Energy Physics Outyear Funding Profile (B/A in Millions)  Note: New Initiative category covers R&D’s specific for Neutrino and Dark Energy facilities

34. Office of Science U.S. Department of Energy High Energy Physics Outyear Funding Profile Target Profile Over Target Profile

35. Office of Science U.S. Department of Energy FY 2007 OMB Budget