1. Federalism A.P. Government Unit I Lecture 4

2. Objective: What is Federalism?

3. Government in the U.S. Federal Government 1 States 50 Counties 3,034 Municipalities 19,429 Townships or Towns 16,504 School Districts 13,506 Special Districts 35,052  (i.e., Water, Parks, etc.) TOTAL 87,576

4. What is Federalism? Federation:  Authority is divided between the central and state or local governments. (US, Canada, Germany) Confederation:  Authority held by independent states and delegated to the central government. (US under Articles) Unitary System:  Authority is centralized with state and local governments administering authority delegated from the central government. (France, UK, Japan)

5. Federal & State Powers in the U.S. FEDERAL:  Exclusive Powers (war, money, treaties, etc.)  Regulation of Interstate Commerce  Power to Tax and Spend (to promote general welfare)  Elastic Clause  Federal Supremacy STATE:  Create state and local governments  Conduct elections  Regulate commerce within state  Protect public health, safety, morals  All powers not delegated to federal government or denied to states (10thAmendment)

6. Concurrent Powers and Interstate Relations CONCURRENT:  Levy Taxes; Borrow and Spend Money  Charter Banks and Corporations  Pass and Enforce Laws (Policing and Courts)  Take Property (Eminent Domain) INTERSTATE RELATIONS:  Full Faith and Credit Clause  Privileges and Immunities  Extradition  Settlement of Disputes

7. Federalism In Practice Dual Federalism (early 1800s-1930s)  McCulloch v. Maryland (1819)  Dred Scott v. Sandford (1857)  Plessy v. Ferguson (1890) Shared (“cooperative”) Federalism (1930s-1970s)  New Deal (1930s) and Great Society (1960s)  Nationalization of public policy “New Federalism” (1970s-Present)  U.S. v Lopez (1995) Federal Gun Act deemed unconstitutional