1. Copyright © 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Chapter 03 Careers in Health Care

2. Copyright © 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. 3:1 Introduction to Health Care Careers Education – Requirements vary by program and state – Health science education (HSE) – Health science technology education (HSTE) – Post-secondary education – National Consortium for Health Science Education (NCHSE)

3. Copyright © 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Certification, Registration, and Licensure Methods to ensure skill and competency of personnel and protect consumers/patients Certification – Professional association/government agency – Example: certified medical assistant

4. Copyright © 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Certification, Registration, and Licensure (continued) Registration – Regulatory body – Example: registered dietician Licensure – Government agency – Defines scope of practice – Examples: dentist, physician

5. Copyright © 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Accreditation Ensures program of study meets competency standards Commission on Accreditation of Allied Health Education Programs (CAAHEP) Accrediting Bureau of Health Education Schools (ABHES)

6. Copyright © 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Continuing Education Units (CEUs) Required to renew license or maintain certification or registration in many states Requirements vary between careers Students must know requirements in their state

7. Copyright © 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Professional Organizations Member benefits – Professional development – Career information – Influence legislation – Help with certification, registration, licensure – Financial support – Code of ethics

8. Copyright © 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Education Levels, Trends, and Opportunities Training levels (refer to Table 3-1 in Text) – Professional – Technologist or therapist – Technician – Aide or assistant

9. Copyright © 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Education Levels, Trends, and Opportunities (continued) Multicompetent or multiskilled workers – New trend in health occupations – Workers perform a variety of health care skills – Eliminates need to employ specialists for every aspect of care – Educational programs for multicompetent workers

10. Copyright © 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Education Levels, Trends, and Opportunities (continued) Entrepreneur – Organizes/manages business and assumes its risks – Education programs combining business skills and career objectives – Examples: nurse practitioners, respiratory therapists, physicians, chiropractors

11. Copyright © 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. National Health Care Standards Developed to indicate knowledge and skills expected of health care workers Healthcare Foundation Standards Therapeutic Services Standards Diagnostic Services Standards

12. Copyright © 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. National Health Care Standards (continued) Health Informatics Standards Support Services Standards Biotechnology Research and Development Standards

13. Copyright © 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Introduction to Health Care Careers Educational requirements vary – On-the-job training – HSE program – Associate’s degree – Bachelor’s degree – Master’s degree – Doctoral degree

14. Copyright © 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. 3:2 Therapeutic Services Careers Directed to changing patients’ health status over time – Use variety of treatments to help patients who are injured, physically or mentally disabled, or emotionally disturbed – Treatment to allow patients to function at maximum capacity

15. Copyright © 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. 3:2 Therapeutic Services Careers (continued) Places of employment – Rehabilitation facilities – Hospitals – Mental health facilities – Daycare or long-term care facilities – Home health agencies – Schools

16. Copyright © 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. 3:2A Dental Careers Basic job duties – Health of teeth and soft tissues of mouth – Preventing dental disease – Repairing or replacing diseased or damaged teeth – Treating gingiva (gums) and other supporting structures of the teeth

17. Copyright © 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. 3:2A Dental Careers (continued) Places of employment – Private dental offices – Laboratories – Hospitals – Schools – Health departments

18. Copyright © 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. 3:2A Dental Careers (continued) Dental specialties – Endodontics – Orthodontics – Oral surgery – Pedodontics – Periodontics – Prosthodontics

19. Copyright © 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. 3:2A Dental Careers (continued) Levels of employment – Dentist (DMD or DDS) – Dental hygienist (DH) – Dental laboratory technician (DLT) – Dental assistant (DA) Refer to Table 3-3 in Text

20. Copyright © 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. 3:2B Emergency Medical Services Careers Basic job duties – Provide emergency, prehospital care to victims of accidents, injuries, or sudden illness Emergency medical technician (EMT) training required for most jobs Refer to Table 3-4 in Text

21. Copyright © 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. 3:2B Emergency Medical Services Careers (continued) Emergency medical technician paramedic (EMT-P, EMT-4) Emergency medical technician intermediate (EMT-1, EMT-2, EMT-3) Emergency medical technician basic (EMT-B, EMT-1) First responder

22. Copyright © 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. 3:2C Medical Careers Refer to Table 3-5 in Text Physician (doctor): MD, DO, DPM, DC Physician assistant: PA, PAC Medical assistant: MA, CMA, RMA For a list of medical specialties, refer to Table 3-6 in Text

23. Copyright © 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Mental Health Services and Social Services Careers Help those with mental or emotional disorders or who are developmentally delayed or mentally impaired Social workers help others deal with illness, employment problems, or community issues Help individuals function at their maximum capacity

24. Copyright © 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Mental Health Services and Social Services Careers (continued) Levels of employment – Psychiatrist – Psychologist – Psychiatric/mental health technicians – Social worker (SW) – Genetic counselor Refer to Table 3-7 in Text

25. Copyright © 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. 3:2E Mortuary Careers Basic job duties – Preparation of the body – Perform ceremony that honors the deceased and meets the spiritual needs of the living – Cremation or burial of the remains – Practices and rites vary based on cultural and religious preferences

26. Copyright © 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. 3:2E Mortuary Careers (continued) Places of employment – Funeral homes – Mortuaries – Crematoriums – Cemetery associations

27. Copyright © 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. 3:2E Mortuary Careers (continued) Levels of employment – Funeral director – Embalmer – Mortuary assistant Refer to Table 3-8 in Text

28. Copyright © 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. 3:2F Nursing Careers Basic job duties – Provide care under direction of a physician – Focus on patients’ mental, emotional, and physical needs

29. Copyright © 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. 3:2F Nursing Careers (continued) Places of employment – Hospitals – Long-term care facilities – Physicians’ offices – Clinics – Health maintenance organizations (HMOs) – Schools

30. Copyright © 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. 3:2F Nursing Careers (continued ) Levels of employment – Registered nurse (RN) – Licensed practical/vocational nurse (LPN/LVN) – Nurse assistant – Patient care technician (PCT) – Geriatric aide/assistant Refer to Table 3-9 in Text

31. Copyright © 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. 3:2G Nutrition and Dietary Services Careers Basic job duties – Use knowledge of nutrition to promote wellness and optimum health – Provide dietary guidelines to treat disease – Teach proper nutrition – Prepare foods for health care facilities

32. Copyright © 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. 3:2G Nutrition and Dietary Services Careers (continued) Places of employment – Hospitals – Long-term care and daycare facilities – Wellness centers – Clinics – Schools

33. Copyright © 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. 3:2G Nutrition and Dietary Services Careers (continued) Levels of employment – Dietician (RD) – Dietetic technician (DT) – Dietetic assistant or food service worker Refer to Table 3-10 in Text

34. Copyright © 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. 3:2H Veterinary Careers Provide care to all types of animals, from house pets to livestock to wildlife Places of employment – Animal hospitals – Zoos – Farms – Aquariums

35. Copyright © 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. 3:2H Veterinary Careers (continued) Levels of employment – Veterinarian (DVM or VMD) – Veterinary technologist/technician (VT) – Veterinary assistant or animal caretaker Refer to Table 3-11 in Text

36. Copyright © 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. 3:2I Vision Services Careers Basic job duties – Provide care to prevent vision disorders – Treat vision disorders

37. Copyright © 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. 3:2I Vision Services Careers (continued ) Places of employment – Offices – Optical shops – Hospitals – Schools – Health maintenance organizations (HMOs) – Clinics

38. Copyright © 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. 3:2I Vision Services Careers (continued) Levels of employment – Ophthalmologist (MD) – Optometrist (OD) – Ophthalmic medical technologist (OMT) – Ophthalmic technician (OT)

39. Copyright © 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. 3:2I Vision Services Careers (continued) Levels of employment (continued) – Ophthalmic assistant (OA) – Optician – Ophthalmic laboratory technician Refer to Table 3-12 in Text

40. Copyright © 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. 3:2J Other Therapeutic Services Careers Refer to Table 3-13 in Text Occupational therapist (OT/OTR) Occupational therapy assistant (OTA/COTA) Pharmacist (PharmD) Pharmacy technician

41. Copyright © 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. 3:2J Other Therapeutic Services Careers (continued) Physical therapist (PT) Physical therapist assistant (PTA) Massage therapist Recreational therapist (TR) Recreational therapy assistant

42. Copyright © 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. 3:2J Other Therapeutic Services Careers (continued) Respiratory therapist (RT) Respiratory therapy technician (RTT) Surgical technologist/technician Speech-language therapist/pathologist

43. Copyright © 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. 3:2J Other Therapeutic Services Careers (continued) Audiologist Art, music, dance therapist Athletic trainer certified (ATC) Dialysis technician Perfusionist

44. Copyright © 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. 3:3 Diagnostic Services Careers Basic job duties – Create a picture of a patient’s health status at a single point in time – Perform tests and evaluations to aid in detection, diagnosis, and treatment of disease, injury, or physical condition

45. Copyright © 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. 3:3 Diagnostic Services Careers (continued) Places of employment – Hospital or private laboratories – Outpatient centers – Physicians’ offices – Clinics – Pharmaceutical companies – Research agencies

46. Copyright © 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. 3:3 Diagnostic Services Careers (continued) Levels of employment – Electrocardiograph (ECG) technician – Cardiovascular technologist – Electroencephalographic (EEG) technologist – Electroneurodiagnostic technologist (END)

47. Copyright © 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. 3:3 Diagnostic Services Careers (continued) Levels of employment (continued) – Medical laboratory technologist (MT) or clinical laboratory scientist (CLS) – Medical laboratory technician (MLT) or clinical laboratory technician (CLT)

48. Copyright © 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. 3:3 Diagnostic Services Careers (continued) Levels of employment (continued) – Medical (clinical) laboratory assistant – Phlebotomist – Radiologic technologist (RT) Refer to Table 3-14 in Text

49. Copyright © 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. 3:4 Health Informatics Careers Basic job duties – Documentation of patient records – Maintaining security – Utilizing electronic health record (EHR) software – Analyzing information – Creating networks for health information

50. Copyright © 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. 3:4 Health Informatics Careers (continued) Places of employment – Hospitals and clinics – Research centers and colleges – Law firms – Health maintenance organizations (HMOs) – Insurance companies

51. Copyright © 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. 3:4 Health Informatics Careers (continued) Levels of employment – Health information (medical records) administrator (HIA) – Health information (medical records) technician (HIT) – Medical coder – Medical transcriptionist

52. Copyright © 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. 3:4 Health Informatics Careers (continued) Levels of employment (continued) – Admitting officer/clerk – Medical secretary, ward clerk, or health unit coordinator – Epidemiologist

53. Copyright © 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. 3:4 Health Informatics Careers (continued) Levels of employment (continued) – Medical interpreter/translator – Medical illustrator – Medical librarian Refer to Table 3-15 in Text

54. Copyright © 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. 3:5 Support Services Careers Basic job description – Create therapeutic environment – Operate support departments in health care facilities – Each department has workers at all levels and with varying amounts of education

55. Copyright © 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. 3:5 Support Services Careers (continued) Places of employment – Hospitals – Clinics – Long-term care facilities – HMOs – Public health or government agencies

56. Copyright © 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. 3:5 Support Services Careers (continued) Levels of employment – Health care administrator – Biomedical (clinical) engineer – Biomedical equipment technician (BET) – Central/sterile supply worker – Housekeeping worker/sanitary manager Refer to Table 3-16 in Text

57. Copyright © 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. 3:6 Biotechnology Research and Development Careers Basic job description – Use living cells to create useful products – Use research and development to produce Diagnostic tests Forms of treatment Vaccines Food products

58. Copyright © 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. 3:6 Biotechnology Research and Development Careers (continued) Places of employment – Pharmaceutical and chemical companies – Agricultural facilities – Research laboratories – Colleges and universities – Hospitals – Industrial facilities

59. Copyright © 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. 3:6 Biotechnology Research and Development Careers (continued) Levels of employment – Biological or medical scientist – Biotechnological engineer (bioengineer) – Biological technician – Process technician – Forensic science technician Refer to Table 3-17 in Text