1. Bacterial Pneumonia

2. What is Bacterial Pneumonia
Pneumonia is a breathing (respiratory) condition in which there is an infection of the lung
Community Acquired Pneumonia (CAP)- pneumonia in people who have not been in a hospital setting or in a hospital
Hospital Acquired Pneumonia (HAP)- infection of the lungs that occurs during a hospital stay
at least hours after being admitted
Can be very severe because patients in hospital are often very sick and cannot fight germs
Types of germs in hospital are often more dangerous
Often seen on those on respirator machine
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3. Pneumonia Can be caused by Bacteria, Viruses, or Fungi
If caused by bacteria, it tends to be more severe
Most common cause of bacterial pneumonia is Streptococcus pneumoniae
Normal inhabitant of the human upper respiratory tract
Gram +
Lancet shaped cocci
Most common viral causes (especially in infants and young children) are influenza and parainfluenza viruses

4. Pneumonia Certain people are more likely to become ill with pneumonia
This includes adults 65 years of age or older and children younger than 5 years of age
People up through 64 years of age who have underlying medical conditions (like diabetes or HIV/AIDS) and people 19 through 64 who smoke cigarettes or have asthma are also at increased risk for getting pneumonia
In 2009, 1.1 million people in the United States were hospitalized with pneumonia and more than 50,000 people died from the disease.

5. Mode of Transmission
Bacteria and viruses living in your nose, sinuses, or mouth may spread to your lungs
You may breathe some of these germs directly into your lungs
You can catch the bacteria or viruses from people who are infected with them, whether they are sick or not
You breathe in (inhale) food, liquids, vomit, or fluids from the mouth into your lungs (aspiration pneumonia)
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6. Symptoms The most common symptoms of pneumonia are:
Cough (with some pneumonias you may cough up greenish or yellow mucus, or even bloody mucous)
Fever, which may be mild or high
Shaking chills
Shortness of breath(may only occur when you climb stairs)
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7. Testing
The health care provider will likely order a chest x-ray if pneumonia is suspected

8. Treatments
Your doctor must first decide whether you need to be in the hospital. If you are treated in the hospital, you will receive:
Fluids and antibiotics in your veins
Oxygen therapy
Breathing treatments (possibly)
It is very important that you are started on antibiotics very soon after you are admitted (unless you have viral pneumonia)
With treatment, most patients will improve within 2 weeks. Elderly or very sick patients may need longer treatment.

9. Preventions Vaccines may help prevent some types of pneumonia
They are even more important for the elderly and people with diabetes, asthma, emphysema, HIV, cancer, or other long-term condition
Flu vaccine prevents pneumonia and other problems caused by the influenza virus. It must be given each year to protect against new virus strains
Pneumococcal Vaccine (Pneumovax, Prevnar) lowers your chances of getting pneumonia from Streptococcus pneumoniae
Washing hands often