1. PowerPoint ® Lecture prepared by Gary A. Beluzo MATERIALS, SOCIETY AND ENVIRONMENT 23

2. Copyright © 2007 McGraw-Hill Publishing Company STUDENT LEARNING OUTCOMES Explain the different physical processes that create mineral resources. Explain the difference between a mineral resource and a mineral reserve. Understand why material prices have generally not increased over the past 50 years. Distinguish between economic and environmental energy cost of natural resource formation and extraction. Define and describe the major forms of source reduction. After reading this chapter, students will be able to

3. Copyright © 2007 McGraw-Hill Publishing Company Materials: The Stuff of Life Goods made from materials that are mined or harvested from the environment Let’s consider a PENCIL Cedar from forests in OR and CA Graphite from Montana or MX Clays to reinforce the pencil from KT and GA Eraser made from soybean oil from IL Latex from Brazil Reinforced with pumice from CA or NM Sulfur from LA Calcium from TX Barium from NV Metal band mined out of one of 13 states, 9 Canadian provinces, or 6 other nations. Paint to color the wood Glue that holds the wood together Lacquer to make it shine

4. Copyright © 2007 McGraw-Hill Publishing Company Consumerism and Waste Americans consume 700,000 Kg of minerals 162,000 cubic meters of water 170 cubic meters of wood Each American will generate 30,000 Kg of MSW 10,000,000 Kg of wastewater 1,500,000 Kg of air pollutants

5. Copyright © 2007 McGraw-Hill Publishing Company The Materials Cycle

6. Copyright © 2007 McGraw-Hill Publishing Company Minerals Biogeochemical cycles concentrate Placer deposits Evaporites Igneous and metamorphic processes Hydrothermal solutions Black smokers

7. Copyright © 2007 McGraw-Hill Publishing Company Resource Classification

8. Copyright © 2007 McGraw-Hill Publishing Company Abundance of Chemical Elements

9. Copyright © 2007 McGraw-Hill Publishing Company Surface Mining

10. Copyright © 2007 McGraw-Hill Publishing Company Material Use

11. Copyright © 2007 McGraw-Hill Publishing Company Mineral Imports

12. Copyright © 2007 McGraw-Hill Publishing Company Material Intensity of Use

13. Copyright © 2007 McGraw-Hill Publishing Company Metal Prices Figure 23.11

14. Copyright © 2007 McGraw-Hill Publishing Company Wood Prices

15. Copyright © 2007 McGraw-Hill Publishing Company Energy and Resource Quality

16. Copyright © 2007 McGraw-Hill Publishing Company Metal Productivity

17. Copyright © 2007 McGraw-Hill Publishing Company The Fate of Materials

18. Copyright © 2007 McGraw-Hill Publishing Company Material Processing Wastes

19. Copyright © 2007 McGraw-Hill Publishing Company Material Inputs to the Economy

20. Copyright © 2007 McGraw-Hill Publishing Company Solid Waste

21. Copyright © 2007 McGraw-Hill Publishing Company Reducing Material Wastes Source reduction Recycling Recycled-content Post Consumer Content Recyclable Products Remanufacturing

22. Copyright © 2007 McGraw-Hill Publishing Company The Benefits of Reducing Material Wastes