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Mr Owen ICCS Middle School 7th grade American History
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Sound #1 Sound #2 Sound #3 Close your eyes and listen to these sounds. Write down a few words to describe them.
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Columbus sailed the ocean blue; but everyone knows that. What was the world like before 1500 though? The answer is “very different from today” and “very different from each other.” There were 3 very different areas of the world at this time that were all about to ‘discover’ each other. They were ◦ Societies in the Americas ◦ Societies in Africa ◦ Societies in Europe
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Vocabulary: ◦ Societies Sedentary – groups of people that live in one place Non-sedentary – groups that move around; nomads Semi-sedentary – groups that stay in one place but move every few years ◦ Cultures Maya – civilization in Mesoamerica (200-900 AD) Inca – civilization in Peru (ended around 1500 AD) Aztec - civilization in Mexico (ended around 1500 AD) Pueblo – builders of great mud-brick cities ◦ Places Mesoamerica – a region that stretches from Mexico to Nicaragua; also called Central America
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Who: not known for sure but probably people from Asia What: the first people to come to the Americas When: between 15,000 and 35,000 years ago Where: a land bridge between Russia and Alaska Why: probably looking for or following food and shelter How: crossed over a land bridge and is not there anymore
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Who: Maya What: a great, complex society When: 200-900 AD; before Europeans arrived Where: Mesoamerica Why & How: No one is sure what happened to the Mayas but they were gone before Columbus arrived; some people blame lack of food, disease, warfare or political revolt. They left behind cities with giant temples, vast market places and many other buildings
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Societies devolved in other places after the Mayas. ◦ Inca and Aztecs in South and Central America Many different groups across North America such as: Inuit - Alaska Pueblo – southwest US (Arizona, New Mexico) Iroquois & Algonquin – Northeast (from Michigan to New York) These societies had spread out all over the Americas; just waiting to be ‘discovered’ since the ‘first people. These societies interacted and traded with each other but they HAD NO CONTACT with Europe, Africa or Asia before 1500
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Content Review: page 9 ◦ Only answer questions 3, 5 & 7. You will have to think about #7 on your own Vocabulary for Ch 1 sec 2 on page 12 on note cards Finally, I would like to the start keeping a log of the food you eat during the week ◦ WRITE EVERYTHING DOWN!
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Vocabulary: ◦ Places Sahara - a large desert in northern Africa Ghana - a west African kingdom Mali – a west African kingdom Kongo – a central African kingdom Savanna – flat grasslands with few trees and many animals ◦ Religion Islam – a religion founded by a prophet Muhammad that believes in one god, Allah Muslim – someone who practices Islam
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Africa has 3 large geographic zones ◦ The Sahara desert ◦ Congo rain forest ◦ The Savanna Each of these zones affects how people live The northern coast also trades with Europe a lot
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Who: kingdoms of Ghana & Mali and later Kongo & Ndongo What: large complex societies When: before 1200 AD to 1400 Where: west Africa How: Though separated geographically, many African societies engaged in travel and trade with Europe and Asia. Islam was also introduced this way Why: African kingdoms had things like gold and salt that Europeans wanted leading to trade
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Many of these African Kingdoms were only a few 100 people and not very large They competed for land and resources, often going to war Defeated enemies would sometimes be captured as slaves ◦ When the Europeans arrived in the late 1400s they would begin to buy these captured enemy slaves
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Section assessment questions on page 15, # 4,5, & 6 Chapter 1 Section 3 vocab on page 16 on note cards or in notes Keep writing in your food log
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Vocabulary ◦ Events Great Famine - a shortage of food that killed Europeans Black Death – deadly disease that killed Europeans in 1400s Renaissance – time of increased interest in learning and the arts ◦ Religion Reformation – religious movement that divided the Christian church Catholics – members of the Christian church of Rome Protestants – Christians that broke away from Roman church ◦ Technology Printing press - ~1440 a device that printed pages mechanically
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The 1400s were a bad time in Europe. Catastrophes such as the Black Death, Great Famine and 100 Years War killed millions of Europeans Many people left the countryside and move to cities for safety and food This made cities and trade much more important
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What: a split in the Christian Church Who: Martin Luther; Catholics vs. Protestants When: 1500s; 1517 Luther’s 95 Theses Where: Europe How: Luther was a religious thinker who disagreed with some church teachings. The printing press helps spread new ideas Why: Many people began to question the role of the church and thought that some of it’s leaders were corrupt
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Because trade had become more important Europeans needed to expand ◦ Sailors and explorers began to look for new routes to places like Africa, India and China
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One ID form from this chapter: ◦ First people in the Americas ◦ African Kingdoms ◦ Reformation Chapter 2 section 1 vocab on page 26 on note cards or in notes Keep doing food log
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Who: Inca and Aztec civilizations What: large complex societies in Central and South America When: both were large before the 1500s (Columbus’ arrival) Where: Inca in Peru; Aztec in Mexico Why & How: these 2 societies built large cities much like Europe would have looked a 1000 years before with large buildings, roads, and simple technology
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Who: Inuit, Pueblo, Iroquois & Algonquin What: Native American tribes When: at the time of Columbus’ arrival (1500) Where: present day US Inuit - Alaska Pueblo – southwest US (Arizona, New Mexico) Iroquois & Algonquin – Northeast (from Michigan to New York) Why: from the time of the first people, societies had spread out all over the Americas; just waiting to be ‘discovered’ How they lived: all these societies interacted and traded with each other but they HAD NO CONTACT with Europe, Africa or Asia before 1500
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