1. Why is transition to IPv6 needed? Shernon Osepa Manager Regional Affairs Latin America & the Caribbean 30 th CANTO Annual Conference & Trade Exhibition Paradise Island, the Bahamas 13 August 2014

2. Agenda What is the Internet Society (ISOC) IP numbering How is the Internet Governed? Need to transition to IPv6 2

3. Internet Society Founded in 1992 by Internet pioneers Not for profit international organization 110+ organizational members 60.000+ individual members 100+ local chapters worldwide Offices: Africa, Asia, Europe, LAC, USA ISOC’s mission is "to assure the open development, evolution and use of the Internet for the benefit of all people throughout the world” We do this by working in the areas of technical standards, policy development and education/capacity building 3

4. What Made Internet Society Unique? Over 20 years of leadership at the intersection of Internet technology, development, and public policy Organizational home of the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF), which sets global Internet Standards Trusted reputation as neutral and unbiased advocates for the Internet Broad engagement across stakeholders including industry, government, universities, and civil society Expert contributors to the World Economic Forum, United Nations bodies, Internet Governance Forum(IGF), OECD, etc. Access to an international network of experts 4

5. Explaining IP Addresses IP addresses are the numeric identifiers used by computers in the different networks when they talk to each other. We use names but the DNS converts these into IP addresses and the computers use the numeric addresses to connect to each other 5

6. How is the Internet governed? Some facts regarding the Internet Thousands of autonomous networks connected 233 million domain names registered by September 2012 (>100 million.com, >95 million ccTLDs) No central control body (chaos???) Initial focus was not on control but to create something that could grow to a much larger scale Multi-stakeholder model (openness, collaboration and consensus-oriented decision-making) Governments, Businesses, Civil Society, Technical Community “Power” is gained by merits not hierarchy Effectiveness How it has grown and how stable it is 6

7. Why are IP addresses needed? For the Internet to continue to grow Development of the “Internet of things”: all of kinds of (smart) devices are being connected to the Internet: Fridge; Alarm systems; Cars; Airplanes; You name it… 7

8. IPv4 versus IPv6 IPv4 is a 32-bit address space 2 32 addresses is 4,294,967,296 3,707,764,736 (86%) can be used on normal computers The rest are used for multicast, private address space, loopback and so on IPv6 (“next generation IP-protocol”) is a 128-bit address space 2 128 addresses is 340 trillion, trillion, trillion The IETF has only defined one eighth for use by normal computers so far 8

9. What is the key issue and its solution? IPv4 addresses were fully allocated on global level (IANA pool is empty) IP addresses are distributed by regions (five RIRs) and these RIRs are running OUT of IPv4 addresses There are all kinds of technical TEMPORARY solutions being utilized to keep using IPv4 but………………. In order for the Internet to continue to grow we need to transit to IPv6 addresses!!!! 9

10. Thank You Shernon Osepa osepa@isoc.org