1. What’s the topic of our essay?
PPT slide 1 – warm-up discussion questions

2. 1) What are your favourite TV programs?
Discuss the questions below with your partner. How similar or different are your answers?
1) What are your favourite TV programs?
2) How much television do you watch each week?
3) How much TV did you watch when you were a child?
5) Do you think that different kinds of TV programs have different effects on children?
6) What are some of the problems that might happen if children watch too much television?
PPT slide 1 – warm-up discussion questions

3. TV OK?
Good
bad

4. TV OK? Good bad educational. If they sit and watch TV, they calm down.
Kids who watch TV are more quiet.
kids who watch TV do better in school.
less stressful for parents, better family life
Sesame Street – math and spelling.
some boys are noisy and active
teaches math and spelling
 be violent, bad behaviour
Gives unreal picture of society.
health.
if they watch the wrong programs, they may copy bad behaviour
Many hours just sitting in front of the television. less time for doing sports, friends. overweight - health problems. Behaviour
They should get ideas from their families, not the TV.

5. Introduction
Watching television is a very popular activity all over the world because it provides information and entertainment to billions of people. Some people think that children can watch television for as long as they want to. I partly agree that parents should let children choose how much television they watch. In the following essay I will examine both sides of the argument and give several examples.
General background
Essay topic
Thesis statement

6. Children should be allowed to watch as much television as they like.
Do you agree or disagree?
Agree
Disagree
Reason 1
Explain/Example
Result
Reason 2
Explain/Example
Result

7. Body 1 (on one hand) TV is BAD! 
health.
(explain + fact ) spend several hours just sitting in front of the television.
(explain) less time for doing sports, friends.
(result) overweight - health problems. behaviour
Gives unreal picture of society.
(example) be violent, bad behaviour
(explain) They should get ideas from their families, not the TV.
(result) if they watch the wrong programs, they may copy bad behaviour
(69 WORDS)

8. Body 2 (on other hand) TV is GOOD! 
Learn about world.
(example + fact ) Sesame Street – math and spelling.
(explain) ss teaches math and spelling
(result) kids who watch SS do better in school.
B. Kids who watch TV are more quiet.
(example) some boys are noisy and active
(explain) If they sit and watch TV, they calm down.
(result) less stressful for parents, better family life .

9. Body Paragraph 1
On one hand, watching too much television can be bad for children. The most important reason is that television can have a negative effect on children’s health. This is because nowadays most kids watch TV for at least an hour a day and many spend several hours just sitting in front of the television. Because of this, they have less time for doing sports or just playing outside with their friends. As a result, more children are overweight and this can lead to more serious health problems as they grow up. Another reason is that television shows children an unreal picture of society. For example, television programs may be violent or show behaviour that is not acceptable in real life. This is a problem because children now spend less time communicating with their families. Therefore, they learn more about society from television programs, so if they watch the wrong programs, they may copy bad behaviour.
Topic sentence (main idea)
1st reason
Explaining
Result
2nd reason
Example

10. Body Paragraph 2
On the other hand, watching television may be beneficial. The main benefit is that children can learn a lot about the world by watching educational television programs. For example, the American television program Sesame Street teaches children how to spell and do simple maths. Consequently, children who watch Sesame Street for a few hours each day may do better at school. In addition, children who are watching television are usually quiet and well behaved. For instance, many small boys can be noisy and very active. However, when they watch television, they sit quietly in one place. This is good because parents now have less time to spend looking after their children, so allowing children to watch television is a useful way for parents to manage the stress of family life. If the parents are less stressed, that is good for the children.
Topic sentence (main idea)
1st reason
Example
Result
2nd reason
Explaining

11. Thesis statement again Summary of main reasons (contrasted) Advice
Conclusion
In conclusion, I agree to some extent that children should not watch television any time they like. On the negative side, spending time watching television can harm children’s health and they may learn bad behaviour. However, it can also be educational for children and help their parents to be less stressed. Therefore, I believe that parents should control the amount of television and the programs that children. If we do this, kids can avoid the negative effects and enjoy the benefits of television.
Thesis statement again
Summary of main reasons (contrasted)
Advice

12. 1) Is this a one-sided or two-sided essay?
2) How does the writer giver his/her opinion in the introduction?
3) What does the writer say he/she is going to do in this essay?
4) How many body paragraphs are there?
5) How many reasons (main ideas) are there in each body paragraph?
6) What does the first sentence of each body paragraph tell you?
Two-sided
I partly agree that parents should let children ...
examine both sides of the argument and give several examples
two
two
Television can be bad = disagree paragraph
Television may be beneficial = agree paragraph

13. 1-sided essay
This is the kind that we learn in Level 2 of the Foundation

14. Introduction
1) Watching television is a very popular activity all over the world because it provides information and entertainment to billions of people. 2) Some people think that children can watch television for as long as they want to. 3) However, I believe this could be bad for children. In the following essay I will give reasons to support my view.
General background
Essay topic
Thesis statement

15. 4) Topic sentence (main idea) 5) Explaining 6) Result 7) Result
Body Paragraph 1
4) The most important reason is that television can have a negative effect on children’s health. 5) This is because nowadays most kids watch TV for at least an hour a day and many spend several hours just sitting in front of the television. 6) Because of this they have less time for doing sports or just playing outside with their friends. 7) As a result, more children are overweight and this can lead to more serious health problems as they grow up.
4) Topic sentence (main idea)
5) Explaining
6) Result
7) Result

16. 8) Topic sentence (main idea) 9) Example 10) Explaining 11) Result
Body Paragraph 2
8) Another reason is that television shows children an unreal picture of society. 9) For example, television programs may be violent or show behaviour that is not acceptable in real life. 10) This is a problem because children now spend less time communicating with their families. 11) Therefore, they learn more about society from television programs, 12) so if they watch the wrong programs, they may copy bad behaviour.
8) Topic sentence (main idea)
9) Example
10) Explaining
11) Result
12) Result

17. 13) Topic sentence (main idea) 14) Example 15) Condition and result
Body Paragraph 3
13) Finally, watching too much television can make students get lower marks at school. 14) For instance, almost all children have to do homework after school. 15) If they just sit and watch television all night, they won’t do their homework. 16) Consequently, they don’t study or learn as much as they should, and may not do as well in their exams or even fail.
13) Topic sentence (main idea)
14) Example
15) Condition and result
16) Result

18. 17) Thesis statement again 18) Summary of main reasons 19) Advice
Conclusion
17) In conclusion, there are many reasons why children should not watch television any time they like. 18) Spending time watching television can harm children’s health, they may learn bad behaviour, and it could affect their schoolwork. 19) Therefore, I believe that parents should strictly control the amount of television and the programs that children watch to avoid these negative effects.
17) Thesis statement again
18) Summary of main reasons
19) Advice

19. 2) Where do you first find the writer’s opinion?
1) What is the writer’s opinion about children watching a lot of television?
2) Where do you first find the writer’s opinion?
3) What does the writer say he/she is going to do in this essay?
4) What are the writer’s three main reasons?
5) What examples does the writer use to help explain these reasons?
6) What kind of sentence is the last one in each of the 3 body paragraphs?
7) What kind of final thought does the writer give in the conclusion?
It could be bad
Introduction – thesis statement
Give reasons to support my view
It’s bad for their health, TV is not a good model for life and they may get bad marks
Children may learn bad behaviour & they have homework
A result
Advice

20. One-sided opinion essay
Introduction
2 or 3 body paragraphs
Only 1 main idea in each body paragraph
Conclusion
Two-sided opinion essay
Introduction
2 body paragraphs
1 x agree reasons paragraph
1 x disagree reasons paragraph
2 main ideas in each body paragraph
Conclusion

21. Addition Contrast Reason Example Result Condition
and
In addition,
On one hand,
On the other hand,
However,
although
because
For example,
For instance,
Because of this,
As a result,
Therefore, so
Consequently, If
Can you add any more linking words or phrases to these lists?
Why are these words and phrases important when we are writing essays?

22. Agree Disagree