1. Unit 3 Amazing people G GG Grammar: Past Perfect Tense

2. had + done 1.How to form :

3. 1.The film had begun when I got to the cinema We use the simple past tense to talk about a past action. When we want to talk about something that happened at an even earlier time in the past, we use it. I got to the cinema present past The film had begun

4. 2 e.g. “I have been to Shanghai twice.” She said. She said that ___________________________. she had been to Shanghai twice We use it in reported speech to refer to an action that had already happened at the time of speaking. We can change the simple past tense and present perfect tense in direct speech to the past perfect tense in reported speech. e.g. “We emptied the tomb of everything it contained,” said Carter. Carter said that________________________ ________________________ they had emptied the tomb of everything it contained Explain

5. past present They emptied the tomb of everything it contained Carter said that they had emptied the tomb Practice: ‘I ____ (never visit) the Great Pyramid, but I ____ (read) a lot about it,’ he said to me He told me that he ______(never visit) the Great Pyramid, but he ____(read) a lot about it.

6. 3, I had done my homework this morning before I went to the museum. The use of it simply indicates that an action comes before another past action. It does not mean that the past action happened a long time ago.

7. 4, Then a few months after Carter had opened the tomb, Lord Carnarvon fell ill with a fever and died. past present Carter opened King Tutankhamun’s tomb Lord Carnarvon died We often use the past perfect tense with time expressions such as when, after, before, until, since, by, for, yet and already.

8. e.g. The train ____________(leave) before I got to the railway station. We had breakfast after we __________(do) morning exercise. Miss Yang ____________(be) a typist before she moved to Shenzhen. When we reached the cinema, the film ________ _________(begin). She ___________(finish) her homework before nine o’clock last night.

9. 5, expect, hope, mean, plan, think, want 等 的过去完成时形式可表示未实现的过去的希 望, 期待, 意图, 欲求等. Ex. I had thought that we were going to be invited to dinner. 我本来以为我们会被邀请去吃饭的. I had hoped that we would be able to leave tomorrow, but it was beginning to look difficult.

10. 过去完成时还用于下列句型当中： 1.Hardly/scarcely …. when …. 2.No sooner …. than …. e.g. 我一上车车就开了。 No sooner _____ I _____on the bus than it started to move. e.g. 他几乎还没进屋电就响了。 Hardly _____he ________ the room when the telephone rang. e.g. 他们几乎还没开始工作就开始下起雨来了。 Scarcely _____ they ______ to work when it began to rain. had entered had got had started P.S 主句用过去完成时, 从句用一般过去时.

11. 6. It was the first/ second time + clause (had done) It was + a period of time + since (had done) 这是他第一次到中国来。 It was the first time he ______(come) to China. 他在美国已经 10 年了。 It was ten years since he ______(be) in America

12. The Present Perfect tense is used when we are talking about a past event which relates to the present time. The Past Perfect tense is used when we are discussing the past and want to talk about an even earlier event. The difference between Present Perfect and Past Perfect?

13. simple perfect continuous past present future did had done was/were doing does/do has done is/are doing will/…. will have done will be doing

14. Homework: 1.Review what you have learned today 2 Do exercise on page 51 in the textbook 3.Grammar(1) and (2) in Unit Revision