1. (Slide 1: Title Slide: Nu Skin University)

2. System Presentation › NU SKIN® TRI-PHASIC WHITE™
(Slide 2: Title Slide)
Welcome to today’s presentation on Nu Skin’s innovative Tri-Phasic White System—The scientific method for brilliant skin!
NU SKIN® TRI-PHASIC WHITE™
The scientific method for brilliant skin

3. The Beauty of Fair Skin (Slide 3: The Beauty of Fair Skin)
We know that in nature, delicate, translucent color allows light to reflect beautifully. Take, for example, the delicate petals of a flower, a butterfly wing, a perfect pearl, or an unblemished diamond.

4. The Beauty of Fair, Even Skin
(Slide 4: The Beauty of Fair, Even Skin)
It’s the same with skin. An uneven tone and dark marks cause skin to look stressed, dull, or aged; whereas, a fair, even complexion lets natural beauty radiate.
Understanding what causes skin to lose its natural, fair tone can help us understand how to restore a refined appearance. This will also help illustrate how Nu Skin’s new system—Tri-Phasic White—is different from other whitening lines.

5. Leading Skin Care Researchers
(Slide 5: Leading Skin Care Researchers)
To develop this system, Nu Skin worked with researchers around the world to more fully understand the pigmentation process and to identify the most effective and innovative approaches for interfering with the three phases of discoloration.

6. Dr. Bryan Fuller (Slide 6: Dr. Bryan Fuller)
In fact, we have added a skin pigmentation specialist, Dr. Bryan Fuller, to our professional advisory board to give us world-class expertise in both the development and education of skin whitening technology and products.

7. The Pigmentation Process
(Slide 7: Title Slide: The Pigmentation Process)
To better understand how the Tri-Phasic White™ System offers a new approach to skin brightening, let’s first discuss the skin pigmentation process.

8. Where Does the Pigmentation Process Begin?
Lower part of epidermis
(Slide 8: Where does the pigmentation process begin?)
Pigment, also called melanin, is a brown-black substance that protects the body from the damaging effects of the sun’s ultraviolet radiation.
The process of skin pigmentation really starts at the lower part of your epidermis. Your skin has two parts: the upper epidermis and the lower dermis. In between these two layers—the epidermis and the dermis—is found a population of cells called melanocytes.

9. Role of the Melanocyte
Melanocytes are located just below a layer of surface skin cells called keratinocytes.
Epidermis
Melanin visible at the surface of the skin.
Layers of keratinocytes
(Slide 9: Role of the melanocyte)
Melanocytes are unique, fascinating cells; they are found twenty cell layers below the surface of your skin and play a critical role in the skin pigmentation process: they make melanin.
Melanin that is made by these pigment cells eventually gets to the surface of the skin where it absorbs UV radiation—like a sunscreen—and scatters it. This process of absorbing and scattering UV radiation protects the cells underneath, down in the lower parts of your skin, from being damaged by the UV rays.
The process of discoloration refers to the production and expression of unwanted melanin on the surface of the skin. Examples of discoloration are: blotchiness, uneven spots, and dark spots.
Melanocytes
Melanin in production

10. Pigmentation Process: Three Phases
Activation: melanin production is initiated.
Synthesis: melanin is actually produced by melanocytes.
Expression: melanin is transported to surface of the skin.
(Slide 10: Pigmentation Process: Three Phases)
So how does the whole process occur?
The process of pigmentation consists of three phases: activation, synthesis, and expression.
The activation phase occurs when the melanocytes receive some sort of stimulus that causes them to go into a defensive mode and begin the melanin production process.
The synthesis phase is when the melanocyte actually makes the melanin granules called melanosomes. There are actually several processes in the synthesis phase that create these packages of melanin.
Finally, there is the expression phase. In this phase, the melanosomes are transferred from the melanocytes to the upper skin cell layers. After this transfer takes place, the color will eventually become visible on the surface of the skin.
So, to briefly recap, the three phases of the skin pigmentation process are: activation, synthesis, and expression.

11. Activation Phase (Slide 11: Activation Phase)
Let’s look a little closer into each of these phases. First, we will discuss the activation phase.

12. Factors Causing Melanin Production
(Slide 12: Factors Causing Melanin Production)
Melanocytes are activated by a variety of insults: stress, acne, hormones, and inflammatory processes, such as exposure to UV radiation or other free radical damage. All these factors trigger the cells in the upper part of your skin to produce a variety of small chemical “messengers,” called hormones, and more specifically the melanocyte stimulating hormone, or MSH. These hormones then travel down to where the melanocytes are found, and they activate the melanocytes.
UV Light
Hormones
Stress

13. Synthesis Phase (Slide 13: Synthesis Phase)
This begins the synthesis phase of the pigmentation process.

14. Layers of keratinocytes (skin cells)
Synthesis Phase
Epidermis
Following the activation phase, the melanocyte begins the synthesis of melanin. Three main chemical reactions exist within the synthesis phase.
Layers of keratinocytes (skin cells)
Melanocyte
(Slide 14: Synthesis Phase)
In the synthesis phase, activated melanocytes produce granules of pigment. These granules of pigment are packaged into melanosomes.
The formation of melanin in the melanosomes is an enzymatic process that requires the action of an enzyme called tyrosinase. Tyrosinase is a very unique enzyme found only in melanocytes. So when a hormone activates the melanocyte, tyrosinase is activated. Tyrosinase is the enzyme that takes tyrosine, a very simple amino acid, and makes melanin. Tyrosinase does this through a complex series of events.
Melanin is formed inside the melanocyte.

15. Tyrosine to Dopa
Tyrosinase, an enzyme essential to melanin synthesis, functions to convert tyrosine, an amino acid, to another amino acid called dopa.
Tyrosinase
(Slide 15: Tyrosine to Dopa)
First, tyrosinase converts tyrosine to DOPA.
Tyrosine
Dopa

16. Dopa to Dopaquinone
Tyrosinase then converts dopa into dopaquinone, a secondary chemical.
Tyrosinase
(Slide 16: Dopa to Dopaquinone)
Next, tyrosinase acts on DOPA and converts it to DOPAquinone. DOPAquinone is an intermediate that will spontaneously convert into melanin.
Tyrosine
Dopa
Dopaquinone

17. Dopaquinone to Phaeo or Eu Melanin
Dopaquinone, in a final reaction, is converted into one of two types of melanin.
Tyrosinase
Tyrosinase
Phaeo-melanin
(Slide 17: Dopaquinone to Phaeo or Eu Melanin)
Now, once you reach the DOPAquinone stage of the reaction, the cell has two choices to make: It can either take DOPAquinone and make dark melanin, also called eu-melanin, or the melanocyte can use DOPAquinone to make a reddish/yellow melanin, called phaeo-melanin.
Tyrosine
Dopa
Dopaquinone
Eu-melanin

18. Phaeo and Eu Melanin Phaeo-melanin Dopaquinone Eu-melanin
(Slide 18: Phaeo and Eu Melanin)
An easy way to understand these two forms of melanin is to look at hair color. For those of you who have black hair, the pigment cells in your scalp are making eu-melanin. And for those of you with lighter-colored hair, the pigment cells in your scalp are making phaeo-melanin.

19. Synthesis of Melanin
Epidermis
Efficiently “packaged” within a melanosome, the melanin is now ready for delivery to the skin in the expression phase.
Melanin visible at the surface of the skin.
Layers of keratinocytes
(Slide 19: Synthesis of Melanin)
So, the three critical processes within the Synthesis phase include: (1) the behavior of tyrosinase, (2) the chemical conversion of the amino acid tyrosine into melanin, and (3) the selection of light or dark melanin.
The melanin that is made in the melanocyte does not remain at the bottom of the epidermis. It must leave the melanocyte to be expressed onto the upper layers of your skin.
So how does the melanocyte accomplish this?
As mentioned previously, activated melanocytes produce granules of pigment, which are then packaged into melanosomes.
Melanocytes
Melanin in production

20. Expression Phase (Slide 20: Expression Phase)
It’s in the expression phase that this “packaged” melanin is brought to the surface of the skin and made visible to the eye.

21. Expression Phase: The Process
Melanin becomes visible at the surface of the skin.
Layers of keratinocytes (skin cells)
Melanin-filled melanosomes move up dendrite-like arms of the melanocyte and are deposited inside the keratinocytes.
(Slide 21: Expression Phase: The Process)
Once they are filled, melanosomes travel out into the arms of the melanocyte. Think of a melanocyte as a cell that has very long, dendrite-like tentacles.
When the melanosomes reach the end of these dendrite-like tentacles, they are actually pushed out of the melanocyte and taken up by keratinocytes, which are the skin cells located above the melanocytes in your epidermis. The keratinocytes take these melanosomes and carry them all the way up to the surface of the skin, where they are, in essence, expressed.
Melanocyte
Detailed illustration of melanocyte

22. Expression of Melanin on Skin’s Surface
Epidermis
Melanin visible at the surface of the skin.
Layers of keratinocytes
(Slide 22: Expression of Melanin on Skin’s Surface)
We are all familiar with the fact that new skin cells travel up to the surface of our skin every day. Your skin is always replenishing or renewing itself, and it does that by taking these keratinocytes and moving them up to the surface of the skin where they die and are shed off when you take a shower or rub your skin.
As the melanosomes are transferred from the melanocytes to the keratinocytes, the keratinocytes take these melanin-filled melanosomes and carry them to the surface of the skin. Melanosomes don’t move from one keratinocyte to another; rather, a melanosome is taken up by a given keratinocyte, and it stays within that keratinocyte. When that keratinocyte migrates to the surface of the skin, then you appear darker.
Melanocytes
Melanin in production

23. (Slide 23: Pics of different skin types)
The pigmentation process is very efficient. One melanocyte will actually make and distribute melanosomes to over 30 keratinocytes.
However, pigmentation cannot be explained solely based on the number of melanocytes.
For example, consider the question, “Why is an African American person with highly pigmented skin so dark, and why are Caucasians so light?” A lot of people used to think, “Well, those with darker skin must have more pigment cells,” which would clearly explain the difference. However, this is not the case.
Everyone, regardless of race, skin type, or genetic origin, has the same number of pigment cells, or melanocytes. So, what accounts for differences in skin color? The difference is due to the activity of tyrosinase.
When tyrosinase activity in melanocytes is high, more melanin is produced. So, those people with dark skin have high levels of tyrosinase activity in their melanocytes. People with darker skin also tend to be more efficient in transferring melanosomes from melanocytes to the keratinocytes.

24. The Discoloration Process
In addition to the normal pigmentation process, where the hormone MSH initiates the activation of melanin synthesis, other factors can also cause melanin production.
(Slide 24: The Discoloration Process)
Now that you have an understanding of the pigmentation process, let’s briefly talk about the discoloration process. The discoloration process is similar to the pigmentation process, but results in unwanted discoloration—such as patchy areas of discoloration, dark spots, and blotchiness—instead of uniform, even skin tone and color.
As previously mentioned, your melanocytes can be activated by UV radiation, hormones, and stress. These stressors can cause non-uniform discoloration and hyper-pigmentation.
Irritants
(Pollution)
Hormones
(Pregnancy)
UV Light
(Sun)
Stress

25. Melanocytes and Hyperpigmentation
Layers of keratinocytes (skin cells)
(Slide 25: Melanocytes and Hyper-pigmentation)
Over time, stress, irritants, and exposure to UV light can activate a population of melanocytes to reset their level of pigment production, from a lower level to a higher one. The interesting thing is that these melanocytes no longer even need to be turned on, or activated. They are essentially making melanin all the time. This excess production of melanin results in hyper-pigmentation.
Melanocyte

26. Activation Synthesis Expression
(Slide 26: Pics of Activation, Synthesis, Expression)
So, is there anything that we can do? Is there any way for us to control this process or reset the melanocytes back to a more normal resting state? The answer is yes. This process can be interrupted in all three phases of the pigmentation process: activation, synthesis and expression.
First, there are ways to block the activation of a melanocyte. This is accomplished by blocking the ability of these hormone-like compounds, including MSH, to bind their receptors on the melanocyte. If these stressors, irritants, or hormones can’t reach or bind to their receptors on the melanocyte, then the melanocyte will not activate, stopping the whole process before it begins.
Second, pigment production can be controlled in the synthesis phase. By inhibiting the enzyme tyrosinase, the conversion of tyrosine to melanin can be stopped. Another way to control the synthesis of pigment is to encourage the production of the lighter form of melanin, or phaeo-melanin, over that of eu-melanin, the darker form.
Third, by interfering with the expression phase, discoloration can also be controlled. This process involves minimizing the transfer of melanosomes to the keratinocytes. As the keratinocytes migrate to the skin’s surface, they’re not carrying any melanized melanosomes with them. As a result, the melanin content decreases on the surface of your skin, and the skin will become lighter.
As you can see, there are a variety of ways to treat hyperpigmentation, or at least modulate pigmentation.
Activation
Synthesis
Expression

27. Nu Skin® Tri-Phasic White™ System
Targets all three phases of the skin discoloration pathway:
Activation
Synthesis
Expression
DISCOLORATION
(Slide 28: Targets Three Phases)
The Tri-Phasic White™ System is able to inhibit the three phases of discoloration with a unique, synergistic combination of whitening ingredients. Each product contributes key ingredients that inhibit the activation, synthesis, or expression of discoloration.
Activation
Synthesis
Expression

28. Tri-Phasic White™ System
A comprehensive skin brightening system, Tri-Phasic White™ works to minimize the activation, synthesis, and expression of discoloration on the skin’s surface.
(Slide 28: Tri-Phasic White System)
The Tri-Phasic White™ System is a comprehensive skin brightening system that works to minimize the activation, synthesis, and expression of discoloration on the skin’s surface. The products in this system include:
Tri-Phasic White™ Cleanser
Tri-Phasic White™ Toner
Tri-Phasic White™ Essence
Tri-Phasic White™ Day Milk Lotion
And Tri-Phasic White™ Night Cream
In this presentation, we will also cover Tri-Phasic White™ Radiance Mask. Sold separately, Radiance Mask is a line extension product of the Tri-Phasic White™ System.

29. System Benefits Reduces the appearance of:
Existing dark spots
Uneven skin tone
Discoloration
Helps prevent the formation of:
New dark spots
Helps maintain:
Even skin tones
Bright skin tones
(Slide 30: System Benefits)
The Tri-Phasic White™ System:
Reduces the appearance of existing dark spots, uneven skin tone, and discoloration;
Helps prevent the formation of new dark spots and discoloration; and
Helps maintain even and bright skin tones for a more brilliant complexion.

30. Clinical Study 12-week clinical study.
29 Japanese women, with mild to moderate discoloration on the face.
Nu Skin® Tri-Phasic White™ System applied to face twice per day according to standard use instructions.
Consistent and cumulative improvements over weeks four, eight, and 12.
Measured: brightness, radiance, even color, roughness improvement, area, and overall improvement.
(Slide 31: Clinical study)
In a 12-week clinical study, 29 Japanese women with mild to moderate discoloration on the face were treated with the Nu Skin® Tri-Phasic White™ System according to standard use instructions. All subjects showed significant skin brightening benefits and consistent and cumulative improvements over weeks 4, 8, and 12. The following factors were measured in this study: brightness, radiance, even color, roughness improvement, area, and overall improvement.

31. Nu Skin® Tri-Phasic White™ Performance by Clinical Grader
93% improved in brightness.
97% improved in radiance.
97% improved in even skin color.
79% improved in smoothness.
83% decreased in area of mottled appearance.
100% improved in overall appearance.
% of Subjects with Improvement
(Slide 32: Clinical Study: Performance by Clinical Grader)
The chart to the left illustrates the percent of participants who demonstrated improvement, as determined by professional graders, after 12 weeks in each of the six attributes tested.
93% improved in brightness.
97% improved in radiance.
97% improved in even skin color.
79% improved in smoothness.
83% decreased in area of mottled appearance.
100% improved in overall appearance.
The 12-week clinical study on Tri-Phasic White™ showed significant skin brightening benefits for all subjects. Improvement did not plateau at 12 weeks. With continuous regimen usage, users will continue to see increased benefits. A B C D E F
Brightness
Radiance
Even color
Smoothness
Mottled area
Overall improvement

32. Nu Skin® Tri-Phasic White™
Self-Assessment
Questions Asked Participants
% of Positive Responses at 12 weeks
A Leaves skin moisturized?
97%
B Leaves skin soft?
76%
C Products worked well together?
86%
D Whitening ability?
58%
E Leaves skin brighter?
F Lightens spots?
52%
% Improvement
(Slide 33: Clinical Study: Self-Assessment Questionnaire)
In addition to data from the professional clinical graders, information was also taken from the test participants in the form of a self-assessment questionnaire.
97% percent indicated moisturizing benefits
76% indicated softer skin
86% said the products work well together
58% noticed whitening benefits
76% noticed brightening benefits
And
52% indicated lightening of dark spots. A B C D E F

33. Tri-Phasic White™ System Products
Cleanser
Toner
Radiance Mask*
Essence
Day Milk Lotion
Night Cream
(Slide 33: Tri-Phasic White System Products)
So let’s take a few minutes to talk about each of the products in the Tri-Phasic White™ System and how they work together to form a comprehensive approach for achieving brighter, more luminous skin. We will also talk about Radiance Mask, a line extension product of the Tri-Phasic White System.
* Sold separately. Radiance Mask is a line extension product of the Tri-Phasic White™ System.

34. Nu Skin® Tri-Phasic White™ Cleanser
Key Benefit
Reduces expression of discoloration by inhibiting pigment transfer.
Key Ingredient
Creatinine—helps inhibit the transfer of pigment.
(Slide 35: Cleanser)
The creamy Tri-Phasic White™ Cleanser contains Creatinine to help block the expression phase of discoloration. Creatinine, a naturally occurring compound in the body, helps inhibit pigment expression.

35. Nu Skin® Tri-Phasic White™ Toner
Key Benefits
Reduces expression of discoloration.
Minimizes activation of discoloration.
Key Ingredients
Fairtrex™—non-acid exfoliation complex.
Carnosine— blocks irritation receptors.
(Slide 36: Toner)
Tri-Phasic White™ Toner visibly reduces the expression of discoloration on the surface of the skin by exfoliating skin cells to help remove accumulated dark spots and discoloration; Fairtrex™ is the ingredient blend that provides this benefit.
Tri-Phasic White™ Toner also minimizes the activation of the discoloration process by blocking irritation receptors from activating synthesis of discoloration; Carnosine is the ingredient that provides this benefit.

36. Nu Skin® Tri-Phasic White™ Radiance Mask*
Key Benefits
Helps inhibit activation and synthesis of discoloration.
Illuminates skin tone, promoting a radiant complexion.
Key Ingredients
Portulaca oleracea extract—targets the activation of discoloration.
Tetrahydro-diferuloylmethane—helps block the synthesis of discoloration.
(Slide 36: Radiance Mask)
Featuring beneficial ingredients, Tri-Phasic White™ Radiance Mask is a full facial treatment that helps inhibit the activation and synthesis of skin discoloration and provides essential moisture to unveil your skin’s natural radiance and enhance skin softness and pliability.
* Sold separately. Radiance Mask is a line extension product of the Tri-Phasic White™ System.

37. Nu Skin® Tri-Phasic White™ Essence
Key Benefit
Inhibits synthesis of discoloration.
Key Ingredient
Brightex™—proprietary whitening blend that helps inhibit the formation of melanin.
(Slide 37: Essence)
To target the key synthesis phase of melanin production, the Tri-Phasic White™ Essence contains our proprietary Brightex™ formulation. Unlike other ingredients designed to work on this phase of the process through a single mechanism of action, this blend works to inhibit the formation of melanin in multiple ways by targeting three critical processes of the synthesis phase.
First, Brightex™ acts as a tyrosinase inhibitor to target an enzyme critical to discoloration synthesis. In addition, Brightex™ targets the chemical conversion of melanin and works to reverse this process. Brightex™ also works to encourage the production toward the lighter form of melanin, called phaeo-melanin. This lighter melanin is less stable and breaks down as it works its way to the surface of the skin. As a result, less pigmentation is expressed on the surface of the skin.

38. Nu Skin® Tri-Phasic White™ Day Milk Lotion
Key Benefit
Minimizes activation of discoloration.
Key Ingredients
Hexapeptide-2—partially blocks hormone receptor.
UVA/UVB sunscreen (SPF 15)—helps absorb and reflect high energy sun rays.
(Slide 38: Day Milk Lotion)
The Tri-Phasic White™ Day Milk Lotion contains SPF 15 for daily protection from the UV radiation that contributes to the formation of discoloration. It also contains a whitening peptide called hexapeptide-2 to interfere with the activation phase of discoloration.
Day Milk Lotion minimizes the activation of the discoloration process. It does this by blocking the hormone receptor with Hexapeptide-2 and by preventing UV damage with SPF 15, which protects against UVA and UVB rays.

39. Nu Skin® Tri-Phasic White™ Night Cream
Key Benefit:
Minimizes activation of discoloration.
Key Ingredient:
Diacetyl boldine—blocks stress receptors.
(Slide 39: Night Treatment)
Night Cream also minimizes the activation of the discoloration process. It does this by blocking the stress receptor from activating the synthesis of discoloration. Diacetyl boldine is the hero ingredient in this formula, helping to stop discoloration before it starts.

40. Portulaca oleracea extract
ACTIVATION
of Discoloration
SYNTHESIS
EXPRESSION
Tri-Phasic White™ Cleanser
Creatinine
Tri-Phasic White™ Toner
Carnosine
Fairtrex™
Tri-Phasic White™ Radiance Mask
Portulaca oleracea extract
Tetrahydro-diferuloylmethane
Tri-Phasic White™ Essence
Brightex™
Tri-Phasic White™ Day Milk Lotion
Hexapeptide-2
UVA and UVB sunscreens SPF 15
Tri-Phasic White™ Night Cream
Diacetyl boldine
(Slide 40: Chart of Ingredients and Three Phases)
Unlike other whitening lines where a single hero ingredient is formulated into all products within the system, Nu Skin Tri-Phasic White™ is a system with different ingredients in each step. These ingredients work together to minimize unwanted discoloration production and to maximize skin whitening benefits.

41. Usage Day Night Tri-Phasic White™ Cleanser Tri-Phasic White™ Toner
Tri-Phasic White™ Radiance Mask*
Tri-Phasic White™ Essence
Tri-Phasic White™ Day Milk Lotion
Tri-Phasic White™ Night Cream
(Slide 41: Usage)
By now you understand the benefits of the Tri-Phasic White™ System, but how do you use the products? We recommend you use the complete Tri-Phasic White™ System in the morning and at night, following these usage recommendations.
And although the Tri-Phasic White™ System is a complete skin care system designed to target skin discoloration and meet your skin’s basic daily needs, other regimen steps and products can be easily integrated into your Tri-Phasic White™ regimen to meet any secondary skin concerns such as lines, wrinkles, or firmness.
* Sold separately.

42. Live Better, Longer (Slide 42: Live Better, Longer)
So, in conclusion, as a safe and effective cosmetic alternative to the many other whitening options available today, the Nu Skin® Tri-Phasic White™ System is another example of our “All of the Good” philosophy. As a unique and differentiated offering within a large and growing segment of the skin care industry, Nu Skin® Tri-Phasic White™ offers a tremendous sponsoring opportunity. Together, these two elements combine to make Tri-Phasic White™ yet another great tool Nu Skin offers to help you Live Better, Longer.