1. Classification and Taxonomy

2. MOUNTAIN LION? PUMA? COUGAR? PANTHER?

3. Classification: grouping of ORGANISMS based on SIMILARITIES Tiger, Asiatic lion, Leopard, and Snow Leopard – All members of the genus Panthera.

4. Aristotle, 600 BC Designed first classification system. 2 Kingdoms: Plant Animal.

5. Aristotle’s – based on habitat and physical characteristics

6. Carolus Linnaeus (1707 – 1778) “Father of Taxonomy.” His system still used as basis for today. Still had only 2 Kingdoms: Plant and Animal.

7. Linnaen system - based on the morphology of organisms = body form and structure showed relationships among organisms reflected evolutionary relationships among organisms

8. Linnaeus also… Created BINOMIAL NOMENCLATURE –A 2-word Latin naming system still used today. BI = two All organisms given a scientific name: includes the Genus of organism the specific epithet for that species. NOMIAL = names

9. For example… The scientific name for humans is Homo sapiens. Genus: Homo Species: sapiens

10. When writing a Scientific name Capitalize the first letter of the genus name Norman High Panthera tigris RULES! Lower case for the first letter of the species name Italicize if printing o Underline if handwriting

11. Taxonomy Today Identifies evolutionary relationships Classifies based on those relationships Compares internal and external structures Geographic locations DNA and RNA and proteins Embryological development

12. Taxonomy is a Framework Used to study the relationship between living and extinct species.

13. The Five Kingdoms K. Monera – Bacteria; single-celled; prokaryotic cells –Autotrophs, heterotrophs, both chemotrophs, K. Protista – single-celled; eukaryotic cells –Autotrophs, heterotrophs, both Hetero = otherAuto = self Troph = food “Feeds on others” “Feeds self” Chemotrophs – use chemicals not sun for energy

14. K. Fungi – mushrooms, mildews, mold; eukaryotic; multicellular; heterotrophic Do not “eat” = ingest – they absorb nutrients!

15. K. Plantae – trees, mosses, ferns, flowering plants; Eukaryotic, multicellular, autotrophic they make their own food through photosynthesis.- –Turns light energy to chemical energy in food mmmmm….sunshine!

16. K. Animalia – insects, reptiles, birds, amphibians, mammals, and fish; Eukaryotic, multicellular, heterotrophic mmmm…hamburgers!mmmm…rabbit stew!

17. Taxon groups of classification Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species King Philip Came Over For Great Spaghetti mmmm…spaghetti!

21. PHYLA PROJECT A.Phylum Porifera B.Phylum Cnidaria C.Phylum Platyhelminthes D.Phylum Nematoda E.Phylum Mollusca F.Phylum Annelida G.Phylum Arthropoda H.Phylum Echinodermata Correct pronunciations Number and name of classes Total # of known species Common characteristics How does it relate to other phyla Research today and prepare poster Neat, visible, readable info 15 minutes next class to finish Present