2. LookThinkDiscussAgreeShareWrite What is today's lesson about? KEYWORDS PROCESSES CONCEPTS Write in front of your book

3. Learning Intention Elements mixtures and compounds Learning objectives All (must) recall some examples and differences between elements mixtures and compounds;recall some examples and differences between elements mixtures and compounds; explain the difference between an atom and a molecule;explain the difference between an atom and a molecule; identify an element or compound from its chemical formulaidentify an element or compound from its chemical formula Most (Should) explain to others the difference between elements, compounds and mixtures;explain to others the difference between elements, compounds and mixtures; Some (could) write simple chemical formulae; write simple chemical formulae; explain that energy is usually released when atoms join together.explain that energy is usually released when atoms join together. Thursday, 22 October 2015

4. LookThinkDiscussAgreeShareWrite What Go is an element used in jewellery? What At is a single particle of an element? What Fo is H 2 O for water? What El contains only one kind of atom? What Mi is two or more different atoms that can be re- separated? What Co contains different elements joined together? Go At Fo El Mi Co

5. ELEMENTS Atom (smallest part of an element) ELEMENTS ONLY HAVE ONE TYPE OF ATOM IN THEM IRON SULPHUR

7. MIXTURES IRON SULPHUR MIXTURE MIXTURES HAVE TWO (OR MORE) DIFFERENT ATOMS THE ATOMS ARE SEPARATE BUT NOT BONDED- SO THEY CAN BE SEPERATED

8. COMPOUNDS MOLECULE (small groups of atoms held together by bonds) COMPOUNDS HAVE TWO (OR MORE) DIFFERENT ATOMS THE ATOMS ARE BONDED- SO THEY CANNOT BE SEPERATED

9. Element, Compound, Mixture

10. Imagine that you are a Primary school teacher and you have been asked to explain the difference between an element mixture and compound to a small group of year 6 pupils. You have to provide your own resources to give a 2 min presentation to explain the difference between an element mixture and compounds

11. 1Which box or boxes describe or show a pure element? 2Which box or boxes describe or show a pure compound? 3Which box or boxes describe or show a molecule? 4Which box shows molecules that contain three atoms? 5Which box shows a diagram of a compound that is not made up of molecules? 6Oxygen gas has the formula O 2. Which box shows a diagram of molecules of oxygen gas? I CAN... recognise examples of elements and compounds recognise the difference between atoms and molecules. Use the letters in the boxes below to answer the questions that follow. A all the atoms are the same BC contains more than one kind of atom joined together DE smallest particle of an element F G small group of atoms held together by bonds HI examples are found in the Periodic Table

12. Time= 7 mins End 8Ga(2 ) Iron is an element… Sulphur is an element… In a mixture of iron and sulphur… In the compound iron sulphide… Iron and sulphur can react… the elements are joined together. when the mixture is heated. that is a non-metal. that is magnetic. the elements can be separated easily. compound ratio same 1 Draw lines to match up the phrases about elements and compounds. 2 Complete the word equation Iron + ______________________  iron sulphide 3This diagram shows iron sulphide. aThe formula for iron sulphide is FeS. For every one iron atom in iron sulphide, there is ________________________ sulphur atom. b Colour the iron atoms grey. c Colour the sulphur atoms yellow. 4Complete the sentence using words from the box. A chemical ___________________ always contains the ___________________ elements in the same ___________________.

13. Naming Simple compounds. It is easy to name simple compounds of metals and non-metals. 1.Write down the name of the metal 2.Write down the name of the non-metal but change the ending to “ide.” oxygencalcium sulphursilver brominecopper Name of compoundElement 2Element 1 copper bromide silver sulphide calcium oxide 1) magnesium 2) oxygen = magnesium oxide 1) sodium 2) chlorine = sodium chloride

14. Name the compound formed from these elements nitrogenlithium sulphurzinc iodinenickel brominealuminium oxygentin chlorinesodium nitrogenmagnesium sulphuriron Name of compoundElement 2Element 1 iron sulphide magnesium nitride sodium chloride tin oxide aluminium bromide nickel iodide zinc sulphide lithium nitride Naming Simple compounds.

15. ApperanceFormulaDescription A colourless liquid that boils at 100 ºC Formula: N 2 One atom of carbon joined to two atoms of oxygen A colourless gas that turns limewater milky Formula: O 2 Eight atoms of sulphur joined together in a ring A poisonous gas that can dissolve in water making an acid Formula: H 2 O Two atoms of oxygen joined together The gas that makes up nearly 80% of the air Formula: CO 2 One atom of sulphur joined to two atoms of oxygen The gas that is used by animals and plants in aerobic respiration Formula: S 8 Two atoms of hydrogen joined to one atom of oxygen A yellow solid that is often found around volcanoes Formula: SO 2 Two atoms of nitrogen joined together Match up the appearance formula and descriptions Time= 12 mins End

16. Draw a table with five columns like this. Allow enough space for at least five different compounds. Complete the table by describing the different chemical compounds, and then comparing them to the elements from which the compound is made. Choose your examples from the following list, or add others that you might have heard of, or can look up.  water  rhinestones (silicon oxide) – SiO 2  carbon dioxide  sulphuric acid – H 2 SO 4  calcium carbonate – CaCO 3  synthetic diamonds – SiC  common salt (sodium chloride) – NaCl  trinitro toluene (TNT) – C 7 H 5 N 3 O 6

17. Write out the word equation for the reactions described below: 1 The reaction between iron metal and oxygen gas making solid iron oxide. 2 Silver metal reacts slowly with the oxygen in the air. Black silver oxide is formed. 3 Calcium metal, when added to water, forms calcium hydroxide and hydrogen gas. 4 Gold can be made to react with chlorine gas. Green gold chloride is formed. 5 Sometimes copper jewellery turns green as it reacts with carbon dioxide gas in the air to form the compound copper carbonate. Try these harder examples of word equations: 6 Magnesium metal is burned in oxygen. It burns with a white flame and produces a white compound called magnesium oxide. 7 When water and sodium metal come into contact with each other, two new substances are formed. These new substances are hydrogen gas and sodium hydroxide solution. 8 A piece of zinc corrodes in water and forms zinc hydroxide and hydrogen gas. 9 Magnesium metal reacts slowly with hot water. The alkali magnesium hydroxide is made along with hydrogen gas. 10 Aluminum is anodised to protect it from corrosion. During the process, the surface of a piece of aluminum metal is made to react with oxygen gas. This forms a coating of aluminum oxide on the surface. I CAN... Word equations are important because they allow us to explain the changes that occur in a chemical reaction without using long sentences. For example, when iron metal filings are heated strongly with sulphur it glows bright red. The chemical reaction produces a black solid compound called iron sulphide. To explain the changes during a chemical reaction, we are only interested in what substances we have before the reaction happens, and what substances are there after the reaction has finished. These chemicals have been underlined in the above description. The word equation is: iron + sulphur  iron sulphide

18. A name: carbon monoxide formula: CO B name: ____________ formula: ___________ C name: nitric acid formula: ____________ D name: ___________ formula: H2O E name: sulphuric acid formula: ____________ F name: __________ formula: ___________

19. A molecule of the element hydrogen H H Elements and Compounds Compounds are produced when elements combine together during a chemical reaction two or more types of atom. It follows that compounds contain two or more types of atom. A molecule of the compound water HH O Mg + acid hydrogen Lighted splint Oxygen in the air one type of atom only Elements are materials made up of one type of atom only

20. Compounds: Water Compounds are produced when elements combine. E.g. 1. Water Hydrogen Oxygen + Reaction Water Word Equation Hydrogen + Oxygen  Water H H H H OO H O H H O H

21. Compounds – not mixtures The atoms in compounds are NOT mixed together bondedchemical reaction.They become bonded together during a chemical reaction. Because of this: veryCompounds have properties that are very different to the elements that they are made from. HYDROGEN Flammable gas OXYGEN Gas in which many substances burn WATER Liquid that extinguishes most fires + 

22. Time= 20 mins End 8Ga(3 ) Apparatus test tubes test tube rack one small test tube ignition tube holder Bunsen burner mineral wool cloth or rag pestle or hammer a magnet eye protection iron filings sulphur powder a mixture of iron and sulphur heatproof mat tongs Wear eye protection What are the differences between iron and sulphur? Test 1: Observation Method A Look at iron, sulphur, and the mixture. Observe the differences between them. Write your observations in the table. Recording your results Substance Description iron grey solid powder sulphur iron and sulphur mixture Test 2: Floating and sinking Method BCollect three test tubes and fill each one about half full with water. CPut a spatula of iron into tube 1. Put a spatula of sulphur into tube 2, and a spatula of the mixture into tube 3. Write your observations in the table. Recording your results Substance Float or sink? iron sulphur Iron and sulphur mixture

23. Time= 12 mins End Test 4: Making a compound of iron and sulphur Method FPut a small amount of the iron and sulphur mixture into a small test tube (ignition tube). GPut a small piece of mineral wool in the end of the tube to stop fumes escaping. HHeat the tube in a Bunsen flame until you see a red glow inside the tube. ITake the tube out of the flame, and when the reaction has finished leave the tube on a heatproof mat to cool. JWrap the tube in a cloth or rag and break the glass with a pestle or hammer. KUse tongs to pick out the pieces of iron sulphide. Carefully place the broken glass in the broken glass bin. LTry tests 1 to 3 on the iron sulphide and write your results in the table. Wear eye protection Test 3: Magnetism test Method D Collect three dry test tubes. Put a spatula of iron into tube 1. Put a spatula of sulphur into tube 2, and a spatula of the mixture into tube 3. E Bring a magnet up to each tube. Substance Magnetic or non-magnetic? iron sulphur iron and sulphur mixture Test Result for iron sulphide appearance float or sink? magnetic or not? Considering your results/conclusions 1The compound that you have made is different from the elements. How can you tell? Write down two ways. 2Complete this word equation for the reaction iron + ________________________________  ________________________________ sulphide

24. YESI have enjoyed the lesson and learnt a lot and completed my class activity. SOMEI have understood some of the work and haven’t finished it all NOI have found it difficult to learn today and I have done very little work

25. Science Department Marking your work S trength Say what you have done well T arget This is something that you could do to improve your work and/or take the next step forward. E ffort a comment about your overall effort here. Sometimes this will be a number. 1- Excellent 2 – Good effort 3 – Satisfactory 4 - More effort needed P upil comment write your own pupil comment. It should show how well you think that you have understood the work.