1. May 4, 2015

2.  Discovering Importance of DNA Graded Activity ◦ Make Sure That You Use the Grading Rubric ◦ Check the Assignment Tab on webpage to verify your class due date for this assignment ◦ Points will be deducted if this assignment is handed in late  DNA Timeline Activity due on or before 5/8/15 for all classes. ◦ Make sure that you use the grading rubric. ◦ Points will be deducted if this assignment is handed in late.  The Karyotype Lab was due last week.  Collecting the Meiosis Lab Activity

3.  Antiparallel  Nucleotide  Pyrimidine  Purine  Hydrogen bond  Double helix  Complementary bases  DNA replication Create a sketch of a DNA molecule and label it with using these terms.

5.  Antiparallel- the two strands of the DNA molecule run in opposite directions of each other. Evidence of this is that the deoxyribose sugar molecules are upright on one strand and then upside down on the other strand.  Nucleotide – monomer of nucleic acids. Nucleotides consist of a nitrogenous base, a sugar and a phosphate  Pyrimidine- a category of nitrogenous bases. These nitrogenous bases have singe ring structure. Thymine and cytosine are examples of pyrimidines.  Purine- a category of nitrogenous bases. These nitrogenous bases have double ring structure. Adenine and guanine are examples of purines.

6.  Hydrogen bond – weak forces of attraction between neighboring molecules. Hydrogen bonds are individually weak, but collectively strong. Hydrogen bods hold the DNA double helix together.  Double helix – structure of the DNA molecule. Twisted ladder. Rosalind Franklin and Wilkins helped contribute to this discovery.  Complementary bases: Adenine always bonds with thymine using two hydrogen bonds. Guanine always bonds with cytosine using three hydrogen bonds. Erwin Chargaff discovered complementary base pairings.  DNA replication – the process by which DNA makes an exact copy of itself. This is a biochemical pathway controlled by enzymes. Remember that enzymes match the shape of their substrates.

7.  The Central Dogma describes the flow of information from DNA to Proteins.  Expressing genes = making proteins  DNA  RNA  Proteins  DNA replicates itself using DNA Replication