1. COLEGIO ESCOLAPIAS GANDIA Definition A relative clause is a part of a sentence beginning with a relative pronoun (although this pronoun can be omitted in certain cases). RELATIVE CLAUSES C/ San Rafael, 25 46701-Gandia Tfno. 962 965 096 info@escolapiasgandia.es www.escolapiasgandia.es 1

2. There are two types Can you notice any difference in their meaning? The boys in my class who wear glasses are attractive The boys in my class, who wear glasses, are attractive

3. The boys who wear glasses are attractive These relative clauses give you the information you need to understand the sentence. There are no commas. If you take the relative clause away, the sentence doesn't make sense. In these kind of sentences WHO can be replaced by THAT These are called Defining Relative Clauses

4. The boys, who wear glasses, are attractive These are the ones that give extra information. They are always written between commas. If you leave out the relative clause between the commas it still makes sense. In these kind of sentences WHO cannot be replaced by THAT These are known as Non-Defining Relative Clauses

5. DEPARTAMENTO DE CIENCIAS SOCIALES – HISTORIA DEL ARTE Copyright Colegio Escolapias Gandia info@escolapiasgandia.es www.escolapiasgandia.es 5 The relative pronoun you use depends on the thing you're talking about. Generally speaking, the most basic ones are these: Basic relative pronouns for peoplewho/that for objectswhich/that for placeswhere for reasonswhy for time for possession when whose

6. -An architect... -A burglar... -A vegetarian... -A customer... - A shoplifter... Complete the following sentences using WHO

7. Trickier relative pronouns

8. DEPARTAMENTO DE CIENCIAS SOCIALES – HISTORIA DEL ARTE Copyright Colegio Escolapias Gandia info@escolapiasgandia.es www.escolapiasgandia.es 8 This can be used to refer to the whole part of the sentence that went before. Usually a pronoun refers to a noun, but this refers to more. My dad has broken his leg, which worries me I've still got some money left, which is surprising WHICH.

9. DEPARTAMENTO DE CIENCIAS SOCIALES – HISTORIA DEL ARTE Copyright Colegio Escolapias Gandia info@escolapiasgandia.es www.escolapiasgandia.es 9 This is used to show possession. It can always be used for people and animals, but also for things. My pupils, whose homework is never done, will fail the exam. The homework belongs to the students, it's theirs, so possessive. The city, whose football team lost the match, never wins anything. The city's made up of people, so it sounds OK. WHOSE.

10. 10 WHOM *It sounds very formal to most people. Therefore, it is hardly ever used in spoken English. *If you're going to use it at all, then only use it after prepositions. The boy to whom I was talking is my cousin *However, there's usually another less formal way to say the same thing. The boy that/who I was talking to is my cousin.

11. Use the correct Relative Pronoun

12. -The hotel _________ we stayed was very good for the price

13. -The hotel WHERE we stayed was very good for the price

14. -The books, ___________ I ´d ordered over the internet, took nearly three weeks to arrive

15. -The books, WHICH* I ´d ordered over the internet, took nearly three weeks to arrive

16. -My parents, __________ were born in north Wales, moved to London to find work

17. -My parents, WHO* were born in north Wales, moved to London to find work

18. -The employee to __________ you refer is no longer working here

19. -The employee to WHOM* you refer is no longer working here

20. -My neighbour, __________ son is studying in Germany, is quite impolite

21. -My neighbour, WHOSE son is studying in Germany, is quite impolite

22. SUBJECT OR OBJECT? The woman who was talking to David suffered from heart problems SUBJECT VERB The woman who I was talking to suffered from heart problems OBJECT SUBJECT VERB When the Relative Pronoun is the object it can be left out: The woman I was talking to suffered from heart problems