1. Last Updated: 04-10-2012 Bentonville Public Schools

2. WHY ARE WE HERE? OSHA Bloodborne Pathogen OSHA Bloodborne Pathogen Standard 29 CFR 1910.1030 Standard 29 CFR 1910.1030 Anyone whose job requires exposure to blood borne pathogens is required to complete training Anyone whose job requires exposure to blood borne pathogens is required to complete training Employees who are trained in CPR and first aid Employees who are trained in CPR and first aid The more you know, the better you will perform in real life situations! The more you know, the better you will perform in real life situations!

3. What is a Bloodborne Pathogen? Infectious microorganisms in human blood that can cause disease in humans

4. Common Bloodborne Pathogen Diseases Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Hepatitis B (HBV) Hepatitis B (HBV) Hepatitis C (HCV) Hepatitis C (HCV) Other bloodborne pathogens: syphilis, malaria, brucellosis, and others. Other bloodborne pathogens: syphilis, malaria, brucellosis, and others.

5. HIV is the virus that leads to the development of AIDS (acquired immune deficiency syndrome) HIV is the virus that leads to the development of AIDS (acquired immune deficiency syndrome) HIV depletes the immune system by destroying specific blood cells that help the body fight disease HIV depletes the immune system by destroying specific blood cells that help the body fight disease HIV does not survive long outside the body and cannot reproduce outside the human body HIV does not survive long outside the body and cannot reproduce outside the human body No threat of contracting HIV through casual contact No threat of contracting HIV through casual contact Source: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2011) Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/hiv/topics/basic/index.htm Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)

6. Hepatitis B (HBV) Source: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis/HBV/index.htm 800,000 – 1.4 million persons in the U.S. are chronically infected 800,000 – 1.4 million persons in the U.S. are chronically infected Transmitted through activities that involve skin or mucosal contact with blood or body fluids Transmitted through activities that involve skin or mucosal contact with blood or body fluids HBV can survive for at least 7 days outside the body HBV can survive for at least 7 days outside the body Incubation period within which symptoms appear, average 90 days after exposure, and can last up to 6 months Incubation period within which symptoms appear, average 90 days after exposure, and can last up to 6 months Symptoms vary, may be absent, but can include: jaundice, fatigue, abdominal pain, loss of appetite, intermittent nausea, vomiting May lead to chronic liver damage, liver cancer, and even death Vaccination available since 1982 HBV vaccine given as a series of 3 shots over a 6-month period

7. Hepatitis C (HCV) Resource: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis/C/cFAQ.htm#overview Hepatitis C is a common and chronic, bloodborne infection in the United States Hepatitis C is a common and chronic, bloodborne infection in the United States Spread when blood from infected person enters the body of another person not infected Spread when blood from infected person enters the body of another person not infected Many people have NO symptoms Many people have NO symptoms Symptoms may include: jaundice, fatigue, abdominal pain, loss of appetite, intermittent nausea, vomiting – Symptoms may include: jaundice, fatigue, abdominal pain, loss of appetite, intermittent nausea, vomiting – May lead to chronic liver disease, cirrhosis, liver cancer and even death May lead to chronic liver disease, cirrhosis, liver cancer and even death

8. Potentially Infectious Body Fluids Blood Blood Saliva Saliva Vomit Vomit Urine Urine Feces Feces Semen or vaginal secretions Semen or vaginal secretions Skin tissue, cell cultures Any other body fluid

9. Transmission Potential Contact with another person’s blood or body fluid that may be infectious Contact with another person’s blood or body fluid that may be infectious Mucous membranes: eyes, mouth, nose Mucous membranes: eyes, mouth, nose Non-intact (broken) skin Non-intact (broken) skin Contaminated sharps/needles Contaminated sharps/needles

10. Your Exposure Potential Administering first aid Administering first aid Administering CPR Administering CPR Post-accident clean-up Post-accident clean-up Janitorial work Janitorial work Handling of any waste products Handling of any waste products

11. Universal Precautions Assuming all contact is potentially infectious Assuming all contact is potentially infectious Use of proper personal protective equipment Use of proper personal protective equipment Treat all blood and body fluids as contaminated Treat all blood and body fluids as contaminated Proper clean-up and decontamination Proper clean-up and decontamination Disposal of all contaminated material in the proper manner Disposal of all contaminated material in the proper manner

12. Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) Anything that is used to protect a person from exposure to blood or body fluids Examples: gloves (preferably latex free), goggles, face shields, CPR mouth barriers, aprons, and masks

13. PPE Rules to Remember Always check PPE for defects or tears before using Always check PPE for defects or tears before using If PPE becomes torn or defective, remove and replace If PPE becomes torn or defective, remove and replace Remove PPE before leaving a contaminated area, disposing of safely in an appropriate container or bag Remove PPE before leaving a contaminated area, disposing of safely in an appropriate container or bag Do not reuse disposable equipment Do not reuse disposable equipment

14. Decontamination When cleaning up surfaces use a 1:10 solution of bleach and water (1 part bleach to 9 parts water) to clean and decontaminate surfaces and equipment. Mix fresh daily! When cleaning up surfaces use a 1:10 solution of bleach and water (1 part bleach to 9 parts water) to clean and decontaminate surfaces and equipment. Mix fresh daily! Dispose of all disposable wipes used in red biohazard bag. Dispose of all disposable wipes used in red biohazard bag. PPE’s that has been soaked with PPE’s that has been soaked with blood/body fluids should be blood/body fluids should be removed and disposed of in removed and disposed of in red biohazard bag. red biohazard bag.

15. Hand Washing Wash hands with soap and water immediately after removing PPE Wash hands with soap and water immediately after removing PPE A hand sanitizer can be used but wash with soap and water as soon as possible. A hand sanitizer can be used but wash with soap and water as soon as possible. See “Handwashing – Clean Hands Save Lives” @ http://www.cdc.gov/handwashing/ See “Handwashing – Clean Hands Save Lives” @ http://www.cdc.gov/handwashing/ http://www.cdc.gov/handwashing/

16. Regulated Medical Waste Liquid or semi-liquid blood or other potentially infectious material(OPIM) Liquid or semi-liquid blood or other potentially infectious material(OPIM) Contaminated sharps (needles) Contaminated sharps (needles)

17. Signs & Labels Labels must include the universal biohazard symbol, and the term Biohazard must be attached to: Labels must include the universal biohazard symbol, and the term Biohazard must be attached to: containers of regulated biohazard waste containers of regulated biohazard waste i.e. sharps containers i.e. sharps containers

18. Exposure Incident A specific incident of contact with potentially infectious bodily fluid or blood A specific incident of contact with potentially infectious bodily fluid or blood If there are no infiltrations of mucous membranes or open skin surfaces, it is not considered an occupational exposure If there are no infiltrations of mucous membranes or open skin surfaces, it is not considered an occupational exposure Immediately report all accidents involving blood or body fluids to School Nurse Immediately report all accidents involving blood or body fluids to School Nurse Post-exposure medical evaluations are offered Post-exposure medical evaluations are offered

19. Post-exposure Evaluation Confidential medical evaluation Confidential medical evaluation Document route of exposure Document route of exposure Identify source individual Identify source individual Test source individuals blood (with individual’s consent) Test source individuals blood (with individual’s consent) Provide results to exposed employee Provide results to exposed employee

20. Hepatitis B Vaccination Strongly endorsed by medical communities Offered to all potentially exposed employees Provided at no cost to employees Declination form Usually given in 3 dose series over 6 months

21. Recordkeeping Medical records include: Hepatitis B vaccination status Hepatitis B vaccination status Post-exposure evaluation and follow-up results Post-exposure evaluation and follow-up results Training records include: Training dates Training dates Contents of the training Contents of the training Signature of trainer and trainee Signature of trainer and trainee

22. Bloodborne pathogen rules are in place for your health and safety. Failure to follow them is a risk that does not need to be taken. Bentonville Public Schools - Health Services Updated 4-2012 ZM