1. Investigating the effects of human aldehyde dehydrogenase on vaccinia virus replication in breast cancer stem cells Mazin Elsarrag BNFO 300 12/4/2014

2. Cancer is responsible for nearly 25% of all deaths in the U.S.

3. Cancer stem cells give rise to the primary tumor mass Cancer Stem Cell DNA mutations Cancer Stem Cell Cancer Progenitor Cell

4. CSCs are highly resistant to current forms of therapy Drug Resistant Radiation Resistant Not removed by surgery How to remove them?

5. Oncolytic virotherapy is one way to target CSCs

6. Vaccinia Virus Replication Cycle has 4 stages

7. CSCs express Aldehyde Dehydrogenase, which is protective

8. Wang et al showed that Vaccinia virus replicated more efficienty in ALDH+ cells (CSCs) Why is this the case? How does ALDH influence VACV?

9. FRET Biosensors to measure the concentration of Retinoic Acid