1. CET 4: Writing Structure Structure Transitions Transitions Sentence variety Sentence variety Related ideas and sentences Related ideas and sentences Meet all Requirements in the instructions Meet all Requirements in the instructions Others Others

2. Structure Introduction Introduction 2-3 sentences 2-3 sentences Start with a general statement Start with a general statement Each sentence should become more specific Each sentence should become more specific Clearly state the thesis Clearly state the thesis Body Body One paragraph One paragraph 6-9 sentences 6-9 sentences three subsections/sub-ideas three subsections/sub-ideas Conclusion Conclusion A maximum of two or more sentences A maximum of two or more sentences Use a closer Use a closer Do not simply repeat what you have already written Do not simply repeat what you have already written

3. Transitions Within sentences Within sentences If the sentence is a complex or compound one, use correct linking words or expressions to indicate the relation of the clauses. If the sentence is a complex or compound one, use correct linking words or expressions to indicate the relation of the clauses. Between the sentences Between the sentences Every sentence should be connected to the one before it or /and to the topic sentence. Use linking words or expressions wherever necessary. Every sentence should be connected to the one before it or /and to the topic sentence. Use linking words or expressions wherever necessary. Between the subsections Between the subsections A transitional sentence or phrase should be used in the second paragraph between subsections. A transitional sentence or phrase should be used in the second paragraph between subsections.

4. Sentence variety Vary sentence types Vary sentence types Simple with complex and/or compound Simple with complex and/or compound Long with short Long with short Balanced, loose, and periodic Balanced, loose, and periodic Ask a question if necessary Ask a question if necessary Vary the openings Vary the openings Don’t begin each sentence with the same subject Don’t begin each sentence with the same subject Don’t begin each sentence with the same element Don’t begin each sentence with the same element Vary the voices (if necessary) Vary the voices (if necessary) Note: pay attention to the consistency of tenses Note: pay attention to the consistency of tenses

5. Related ideas and sentences No unrelated ideas No unrelated ideas No unrelated sentences No unrelated sentences Stick to the topic or thesis throughout Stick to the topic or thesis throughout Example: Example: Teacher plays an important role in human society. From ancient to modern times, no country can be without teachers. Teacher plays an important role in human society. From ancient to modern times, no country can be without teachers.

6. Meet all Requirements The number of the words: 120-150 The number of the words: 120-150 The topic/title and the outline The topic/title and the outline The answer sheet requirements The answer sheet requirements Neat and clear handwriting Neat and clear handwriting Occupy most of the writing space Occupy most of the writing space Never wring within the binding line Never wring within the binding line Choice of your pen Choice of your pen

7. 一、考试题型 1. 应用文（ 7 考）： 口头作文（ 2 考）、书信作文（ 5 考） 口头作文（ 2 考）、书信作文（ 5 考） 2. 论说文（ 25 考）： 提纲作文（ 23 考）、图表作文（ 2 考） 提纲作文（ 23 考）、图表作文（ 2 考） 3. 段首句作文： 4 考

8. 二、考试要求 《大学英语考试大纲》中明确规定：四级大学 英语写作考试时间为 30 分钟。要求应试者写出 一篇不少于 120 个词的短文；写作命题源于日 常生活和有关科技、社会文化等方面的一般常 识，不涉及知识面过广、专业性太强的内容。 其命题方式有：给出题目、或规定情景、或给 出段首句续写、或给出关键词写短文、或看图 作文。要求内容切题，文理通顺，表达正确， 语义连贯，无重大语言错误。 《大学英语考试大纲》中明确规定：四级大学 英语写作考试时间为 30 分钟。要求应试者写出 一篇不少于 120 个词的短文；写作命题源于日 常生活和有关科技、社会文化等方面的一般常 识，不涉及知识面过广、专业性太强的内容。 其命题方式有：给出题目、或规定情景、或给 出段首句续写、或给出关键词写短文、或看图 作文。要求内容切题，文理通顺，表达正确， 语义连贯，无重大语言错误。

9. 时间要求 30 分钟 1 ） 审题（ 3 分钟） 30 分钟 1 ） 审题（ 3 分钟） 2 ） 写作（ 25 分钟） 3 ） 检查（ 2 分钟） 2 ） 写作（ 25 分钟） 3 ） 检查（ 2 分钟） 语法（时态、冠词、主谓一 致）、拼写、标点 语法（时态、冠词、主谓一 致）、拼写、标点

10. Practice 1 Part V Writing Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic Good Manners. You should write 120 words and you should base your composition on the outline given in Chinese) below: 1. 世界上的人都看重良好的行为举止. 2. 在公共场合的一些好的行为举止. 3. 如果每个人都培养起了好的行为举止, … Part V Writing Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic Good Manners. You should write 120 words and you should base your composition on the outline given in Chinese) below: 1. 世界上的人都看重良好的行为举止. 2. 在公共场合的一些好的行为举止. 3. 如果每个人都培养起了好的行为举止, …

11. Sample Writing People all over the world set great regard on good manners. To certain degree, good manners indicate a person' s good education and breeding. In schools, it is part of students' moral training to develop good manners. A person with good manners always wins praise. On the contrary, people will frown on him if he behaves roughly and impolitely. People all over the world set great regard on good manners. To certain degree, good manners indicate a person' s good education and breeding. In schools, it is part of students' moral training to develop good manners. A person with good manners always wins praise. On the contrary, people will frown on him if he behaves roughly and impolitely.

12. There are good manners in which we behave in public places. It is a good manner to offer help to the young, the old and the handicapped when they are in need of it. Also it is good to conduct ourselves politely and keep away from foul language. Besides, we should guard against such minor offences as making a loud noise, casting peels and shells, smoking, and spitting. There are good manners in which we behave in public places. It is a good manner to offer help to the young, the old and the handicapped when they are in need of it. Also it is good to conduct ourselves politely and keep away from foul language. Besides, we should guard against such minor offences as making a loud noise, casting peels and shells, smoking, and spitting.

13. If everyone has developed good manners, people will form a more harmonious relationship. If everyone behaves considerately towards others and follows the social ethics, people will live in a better world. With the general mood of society improved, there will be a progress of civilization. If everyone has developed good manners, people will form a more harmonious relationship. If everyone behaves considerately towards others and follows the social ethics, people will live in a better world. With the general mood of society improved, there will be a progress of civilization.

14. Practice 2 Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the topic “College Students Learning Budgeting”. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese: Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the topic “College Students Learning Budgeting”. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese: 1. 大学生经常生活费不够用 ; 1. 大学生经常生活费不够用 ; 2. 造成这一现象的原因 ; 2. 造成这一现象的原因 ; 3. 学会理财很重要，该如何理财 ? 3. 学会理财很重要，该如何理财 ?

15. Sample Writing It seems that today, many college students lack enough money to deal with their daily expenses. It will help if they know the reasons for this and learn the ways to budget. It seems that today, many college students lack enough money to deal with their daily expenses. It will help if they know the reasons for this and learn the ways to budget.

16. The reasons are various. First of all, the increasing cost of living makes them spend a large part of their living allowances that their parents give them. Secondly, they also have to pay for their studies. For example, they have to buy dictionaries, books, etc. Lastly, they also spend money on their free time activities. However, most of the time, they don’t manage the money wisely. The reasons are various. First of all, the increasing cost of living makes them spend a large part of their living allowances that their parents give them. Secondly, they also have to pay for their studies. For example, they have to buy dictionaries, books, etc. Lastly, they also spend money on their free time activities. However, most of the time, they don’t manage the money wisely.

17. It is important for college students to learn how to budget. They can take notes of their monthly expenses. If they spend too much on entertainment, for instance, they have to control their spending the next month. They should learn to keep their money in the bank. Only when they need money should they withdraw a small amount. It is important for college students to learn how to budget. They can take notes of their monthly expenses. If they spend too much on entertainment, for instance, they have to control their spending the next month. They should learn to keep their money in the bank. Only when they need money should they withdraw a small amount.

18. Practice 3 Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic It Pays to Be Honest. You should write at least 120 words according to the outline given below in Chinese. 1. 当前社会上存在许多不诚实的现象 2. 诚实利人利已，做人应该诚实 Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic It Pays to Be Honest. You should write at least 120 words according to the outline given below in Chinese. 1. 当前社会上存在许多不诚实的现象 2. 诚实利人利已，做人应该诚实

19. Sample Writing It Pays to Be Honest Although honesty is believed to be a virtue, there are still dishonest people in our society. For example, some businessmen sell fake product to their consumers; and some students cheat in the exams. Although honesty is believed to be a virtue, there are still dishonest people in our society. For example, some businessmen sell fake product to their consumers; and some students cheat in the exams.

20. Dishonest people are short- sighted. Those who sell fake products may make money at first, but consumers won ’ t buy their products any more. As a result, they will lose their fortune or even be sent to prison. By contrast, honest people gain a lot. Dishonest people are short- sighted. Those who sell fake products may make money at first, but consumers won ’ t buy their products any more. As a result, they will lose their fortune or even be sent to prison. By contrast, honest people gain a lot.

21. Those who always tell truth or keep to their promise not only let others trust them but gain respect from other people as well. Such persons are sure to have a lot of good friends. Because they are trustable and respectable, everyone is eager to make friends with them, Besides, it is easier for a person with a good record to get a good job. Generally speaking, every employer wants his employees to be honest. So we can say that anyone who is honest will be paid back later. Those who always tell truth or keep to their promise not only let others trust them but gain respect from other people as well. Such persons are sure to have a lot of good friends. Because they are trustable and respectable, everyone is eager to make friends with them, Besides, it is easier for a person with a good record to get a good job. Generally speaking, every employer wants his employees to be honest. So we can say that anyone who is honest will be paid back later.

22. In a word, honesty wins trust, respect and honor. So it is important that we should be honest. In a word, honesty wins trust, respect and honor. So it is important that we should be honest.