1. Comparing Plant and Animal Cells
Chapter 1 Lesson 2

2. What we already know… All living things are made of cells
Some animals and plants are made of many cells and some are only made of one single cell
But, plant and animals cells are not identical

3. Animal Cell
Plant Cell

4. Similarities of Plan and Animal Cells
Both have a cell membrane
Cell membranes are a thin layer that surrounds and holds cells together
Kind of like how skin holds us together!
Cell Membrane

5. Similarities and Differences of Plan and Animal Cells
Both are filled with Cytoplasm
Cytoplasm is a gel like substance containing chemicals needed by the cell.
Cytoplasm

6. Similarities and Differences of Plan and Animal Cells
Both cells have a Nucleus
The Nucleus is the information and control center of the cell.
Kind of like your brain!
The nucleus is also where DNA is stored.
DNA is the chemical inside cells that stores information about an organism.
Difference:
Some large animal cells have more than one nucleus. All plant cells only have one.
Nucleus

7. Similarities and Differences of Plan and Animal Cells
Both have mitochondria.
Mitochondria is an organelle that uses oxygen to break down food and release energy in chemical bonds.
Kind of like your digestion system!
Difference
Animal cells mainly use Mitochondria for their energy. Plants use something called chloroplast.
Mitochondria

8. Similarities and Differences of Plan and Animal Cells
Both have Vacuoles
Vacuoles store substances such as food, water, and waste products
Like a storage facility
Difference
Animal cells have many small Vacuoles. Plants have one large vacuole.
Vacuoles

9. Similarities and Differences of Plan and Animal Cells
Both have Ribosomes
Ribosomes are a protein builder of the cell
Ribosomes

10. Similarities and Differences of Plan and Animal Cells
They both have endoplasmic reticulum
Endoplasmic Reticulum are a system of tubes that processes and transports proteins outside the cell.
Endoplasmic Reticulum

11. Similarities and Differences of Plan and Animal Cells
They both have Golgi Bodies
Golgi Bodies package and distribute proteins that provide structure to the cell
Golgi Bodies

12. Similarities and Differences of Plan and Animal Cells
Plant Cells Have Cell Walls
Cell Walls are the outer part of a plant cell that provides structure to the cell

13. Similarities and Differences of Plan and Animal Cells
Plant Cells Have Chloroplasts
Chloroplasts capture the light energy from the sun to make food

14. Similarities and Differences of Plan and Animal Cells
Animal cells have Lysosomes.
Lysosomes break down substances in the cell.

15. Cells Store and Use energy
The energy that cells need comes originally from the sun.
Chloroplasts in plant cells trap the sun’s light energy and change it into chemical energy.
The chemical energy is stored in chemical bonds between atoms of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen.
Atoms are the basic unit of matter.

16. Cells Store and Use energy
Chemical bonds hold the atoms of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen together to form molecules.
Molecules are the smallest particle of a substance that has all the properties of the substance.
Cells can combine these molecules with other atoms to form larger molecules.

17. Cells Store and Use energy
Both plant and animal cells break down these molecules by breaking the chemical bonds.
Energy is released when these bonds are broken and the cells can either use it or store it.

18. Cells Store and Use energy
The mitochondria in plant and animal cells use oxygen to release the energy in these chemical bonds.
Cells store energy in ATP molecules.
ATP molecules are high-energy molecules that store energy in a form the cells can easily use.
When the cells need energy, the ATP is broken down to release energy.

19. Cells Store and Use Information
Remember: the nucleus in plant and animal cells is the control center of the cell and contain the DNA of the cell.
The DNA has instruction for all the cell’s activities.
One activity is putting together protein molecules.
DNA and RNA molecules work together in the cell to make these proteins.

20. Cells Store and Use energy
The DNA in the cell’s nucleus determines what type of cell it is.
When a cell divides into two cells, the DNA is copied so that each cell has the same DNA instructions.
Cell Division