1. Advancing knowledge, shaping policy, inspiring practice www.odi.org.uk

2. Roundtable on infrastructure service goals post-2015 Andrew Scott – Research Fellow 24 May 2012

3. What is infrastructure? Water Sanitation Energy Transport Communications Urban housing Infrastructure services 3

4. Water and sanitation in the MDGs MDG 7: Ensuring environmental sustainability Target 7.C: Halve the proportion of the population without safe drinking water and sanitation by 2015. 4

5. Urban housing in the MDGs MDG 7: Ensuring environmental sustainability Target 7.D: Achieve a significant improvement in the lives of at least 100 million slum dwellers by 2020. Lack of access to improved water supply Lack of access to improved sanitation Overcrowding (3 or more persons per room) Dwellings made from non-durable material. 5

6. ICTs in the MDGs MDG 8: Develop a global partnership Target 8.F: In cooperation with the private sector, make available the benefits of new technologies, especially information and communications. Fixed telephone lines per 100 inhabitants Mobile cellular subscriptions per 100 inhabitants Internet users per 100 inhabitants Fixed and mobile broadband subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 6

7. Energy in the MDGs No goal, target or indicator. Millennium Project MDG-compatible proposal: Enable the use of modern fuels for 50% of those who at present use traditional biomass for cooking Ensure reliable access to electricity to all in urban and peri-urban areas. Provide access to modern energy services (in the form of mechanical power and electricity) at the community level for all rural communities. 7

8. Transport in the MDGs No goal, target or indicator. Rural Access Index: proportion of the rural population living within 2 km of an all-season road. 8

9. Post-2015 Christmas tree approach – goals for specific issues Jigsaw approach – framework with core objectives Bullseye approach – focus on a single goal 9

10. Post-2015 Key issues for infrastructure: Universality – Quality, definition and measurement Governance – Participation, accountability Sustainability – Resource scarcity, environment, SDGs Global v. national 10

11. Water post-2015 Safe and sustainable drinking water is accessible for all, without discrimination. The poorest 20% have access to an improved, safe and sustainable drinking water source, by 2030. Halve the proportion of the population who do not have an improved, safe and sustainable water supply at home, by 2030. Everyone has access to an improved, safe and sustainable drinking water source beyond the household, by 2040. All countries demonstrate progressive improvements in drinking water service levels, across all wealth quintiles, by 2030. 11

12. Sanitation post-2015 Universal use of sustainable (sustained?) sanitation services that protect public health and dignity. The poorest 20% of the population does not practice open defecation, by 2025. The poorest 20% of the population uses an adequate (acceptable?) sanitation facility (or system?), by 2040. Everyone uses adequate (acceptable?) sanitation in schools and health facilities, by 2025. The excreta of y% of households is fully managed, by 2040. 12

13. Energy post-2015 Sustainable Energy for All objectives: Ensuring universal access to modern energy services. Doubling the rate of improvement in energy efficiency. Doubling the share of renewable energy in the global energy mix. 13

14. 14

15. Transport post-2015 ? (Included in debate about Connectivity goal.) 15

16. ICTs post-2015 Connectivity for access to essential information, services and opportunities ? 16

17. Urban housing post-2015 UN-Habitat: Promote cities that are environmentally sustainable, socially inclusive and economically productive. Halve the proportion of people living in slums at the city level by 2030, and prevent the formation of new slums. 17

18. Questions Are separate MDG-type goals for each kind of infrastructure service desirable post-2015? Should infrastructure services be considered essential elements for more broadly defined goals? Is infrastructure an enabler only, and does not need to be explicitly considered? For infrastructure, how important is the qualitative aspect? How should infrastructure link to Sustainable Development Goals? 18

19. ODI is the UKs leading independent think tank on international development and humanitarian issues. We aim to inspire and inform policy and practice to reduce poverty by locking together high-quality applied research and practical policy advice. The views presented here are those of the speaker, and do not necessarily represent the views of ODI or our partners. 111 Westminster Bridge Road, London, SE1 7JD T: +44 207 9220 300 www.odi.org.uk Initial.surname@odi.org.uk