1. Ubiquitous learning

2. What is ubiquitous learning? Computing and communication technologies Characteristics of ubiquitous learning Context and ubiquitous learning Sensors and ubiquitous learning What is learning?

3. Learning takes place when a person is in the process of acquiring knowledge. Knowledge is acquired through interaction between the individual and the environment. Modify prior knowledge What is learning? Interaction with the environment, experience and practice. Acquiring knowledge NewExisting Processed, absorbed and retained. Build on prior knowledge can be through which is the act of can be and

4. What is ubiquitous learning? It is an expansion of previous learning paradigms U-learning is anywhere and anytime learning. U-learning includes any environment that allows any mobile device to access learning and teaching contents via wireless networks in any location at anytime. RFiD’s (radio-frequency identification), contactless smart cards, sensor networks and mobile devices are part of ubiquitous computing technologies. Proposed definition of u-learning: U-learning is a learning paradigm which takes place in an ubiquitous environment that enables learning the right thing at the right time in the right way. Ubiquitous learningRadio-frequency identification Contactless smart card Learning environments

5. Computing and communication technologies are key components of ubiquitous learning. The communication technologies include: Radio-frequency identification Mobile phones Wireless communication equipment Personal digital assistants (PDAs) Wearable computers: Wearable computers, also known as body-borne computers or wearables are miniature electronic devices that are worn by the bearer under, with or on top of clothing. [ [ Computing and communication technologies

6. Characteristics of ubiquitous learning Adaptability: Learners get right information in the right places, time and way. Permanency: Learners never lose work. All the learning processes are recorded continuously. Accessibility: Learners Have access to documents, data, video from anywhere. Immediacy: Learners can get information wherever learners are. Interactivity: Learners can interact with experts, teachers, peers in the form of synchronous and asynchronous communication. Situating of instructional activities: Knowledge required are presented in their natural and authentic forms. Something permanent

7. Context and ubiquitous learning Context is the location, identity and state of people, groups and computational and physical objects. Three types of information needed to describe any specific context are: places, people and things. Four aspects are needed to describe places, people and things: Identity: It characterizes the entity with an explicit identifier which has to be unique in the name domain of the application. Location: Includes position, data and orientation as well as information about relations to other entities. Status: Contains properties which can be perceived by a user. Time: Is both date and time.

8. Sensors and ubiquitous learning A device that receives physical stimulus, converts it into a signal which can be used by other instruments. There are various sensors available, namely: Location sensors: GPS receives this information to calculate specific location. User oriented sensors: Built-in digital compass works like a magnetic needle. Touch sensors: Used to recognize a person's touch. Light/dark sensors: Allowing for adjustment of screen’s background. Device orientation and motion sensors: Motion sensors detect acceleration forces. Proximity sensors: Detect objects without physical contact. Emits electromagnetic field and look for changes in the field. More sensors

9. Classification of learning environments Back Low level of mobility Low level of embeddedness High level of embeddedness High level of mobility U-learningPervasive learning M-learning Desktop-computer assisted learning

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