1. OC, June 3, 20041 SAM – SOAR Adaptive Module Andrei Tokovinin Nicole van der Bliek

2. OC, June 3, 20042 SAM = SOAR Adaptive Module 1:1 SAM focus feeds: -Visitor Instrument (SIFS) -Built-in CCD imager SAM corrects ground-layer turbulence with a UV Laser Guide Star SAM corrects ground-layer turbulence with a UV Laser Guide Star

3. OC, June 3, 20043 G round L ayer Adaptive O ptics Seeing-limited (>90% of ground-based astronomy!) = Better seeing in wider field Diffraction limit (full AO or MCAO)  GLAO works in the visible  Complete sky coverage  GLAO works in the visible  Complete sky coverage

4. OC, June 3, 20044 Science with SAM  Dynamics of galaxies, AGNs (+SIFS or F-P)  Stellar populations, clusters (confusion!)  Supernovae, Cepheids  Weak lensing  ISM (PNe, jets) and more… GLAO benefits “classical” astronomical programs

5. OC, June 3, 20045 25%50%75% β,”0.941.111.33 0.5μm 0.380.530.71 0.7μm 0.220.310.49 1μm1μm 0.170.220.30 Based on real turbulence profiles at Cerro Pachon ! Performance: FWHM on-axis 2x 5x SAM improves the “seeing” by 2-5 times SAM improves the “seeing” by 2-5 times

6. OC, June 3, 20046 The whole FOV is well compensated PSF contours 0.1--0.5--0.9 of max at different locations in the 3’x3’ FOV for a representative turbulence profile (80% near the ground) PSF contours 0.1--0.5--0.9 of max at different locations in the 3’x3’ FOV for a representative turbulence profile (80% near the ground) center corner

7. OC, June 3, 20047 SAM in numbers DMBimorph, 50mm pupil, 60 electrodes WFSS-H 9x9, CCD-39 pixel 0.35”, 8x8 LaserTripled Nd:YAG 355nm, 8W, 10 kHz LLTD=30cm, behind secondary, H=10km GatingKD*P Pockels cell, dH=150m Tip-tiltTwo probes, fiber-linked APDs, R<18 Focal plane 3’x3’ square, 3 arcsec/mm, f/16.5 CCD imager 4Kx4K, 0.05” pixels, 6 filters Coll. space 50mm beam, 120mm along axis

8. OC, June 3, 20048 SAM  All-reflective  Excellent quality  Collimated space  All-reflective  Excellent quality  Collimated space

9. OC, June 3, 20049 Electronics

10. OC, June 3, 200410 Software

11. OC, June 3, 200411 Turbulence Simulator Developed by Sandrine Thomas – a PhD student working on SAM Use: instrument control and optimization, Software development Soon: closed-loop in real time with TurSim and SAM SW

12. OC, June 3, 200412 Systems engineering is considered seriously  LGS: “set-and-forget”? Rugged industrial laser, no airplane/space hazards  NGS for tip-tilt: automatic acquisition  Loop optimization, PSF prediction  Built-in turbulence simulator  Smooth interaction with the telescope Goal: build an easy-to-use AO instrument

13. OC, June 3, 200413 SAM team Andrei Tokovinin - project scientist Nicole van der Bliek – project manager Brooke Gregory – project scientist Sandrine Thomas - PhD student Patricio Schurter – mechanical engineer Rolando Cantarutti – software engineer Eduardo Mondaca – electronics engineer

14. OC, June 3, 200414 Project Organization Project Manager, Project Scientists / Systems Engineers, Lead Mechanical, Electronic and Software Engineers, plus a PhD student Review process –External CoDR*, delta-CoDR*, PDR –Internal reviews of subassemblies WBS, project plan & design notes –Support on project management aspects from Tucson MIP staff * Passed successfully

15. OC, June 3, 200415 A phased project Phase 0 – Concept development complete 1:1 corrected image delivered to SOAR instruments Focus is on LGS wide field mode Collimated space included for future Fabry-Perot Phase 1 – NGS AO under way –AO module, incl. Tip-tilt Phase 2 – LGS AO next step –Laser –Beam transport optics and launch telescope

16. OC, June 3, 200416 Project status June 2004 Successfully passed delta-CoDR last January Advancing in Phase 1 Milestones since delta-CoDR –11 reached –8 left before PDR PDR to be held in Aug/Sept.

17. OC, June 3, 200417 After PDR – Finishing Phase 1 Design, plan, procure, fabricate Ready for assembling sub-systems mid FY05 Assemble, test & commission Start commissioning end FY05 / beginning FY06 And on to Phase 2 LGS system Procure, fabricate, assemble, test & commission

18. OC, June 3, 200418 Management issues Balancing shared resources SOAR commissioning, other support tasks within NOAO Pacing of project in line with NOAO budget SOAR Interfaces e.g. ISB cage modifications Aspects of the planning process Ensure sufficient time for studies of various tradeoffs

19. OC, June 3, 200419 Concluding remarks Direct impact of SAM: –Enhanced capability of SOAR 0.7”  0.3”, for 3’ FOV –Proving GLAO: important NOAO contribution to community Challenges for NOAO South: set & meet reasonable expectations w/r to performance, budget & schedule –moderately big project, fairly high visibility for NOAO South –scientific and technical resources are in-house And for Greater NOAO –Increase AO expertise within NOAO –A successful SAM will enhance NOAO’s capacity to produce future instrumentation for large telescopes

20. OC, June 3, 200420

21. OC, June 3, 200421 Milestones reached June 2004 Successfully passed δ-CoDR DM selected & ordered Optical design frozen Studies of concept tradeoffs finished: –Pockels Cell vs Gated CCD –Launch telescope concept –Modelling of tt guide star requirements –Comparison of analytical/Monte Carlo models –Comparison APDs and PMTs for TT sensors Completed & tested TurSim Reconstructor algorithm implemented Implementation of DAC control for DM

22. OC, June 3, 200422 Before PDR Aug/Sept 2004 –Close loop in lab –Design AO module housing –Tolerance and specify optics –Detail WFS design –Design Laser Launch Telescope, Beam transfer optics (preliminary) –Prepare alignment plan –Elaborate science case –Plan Phase 2 Tasks can be carried out in parallel

23. OC, June 3, 200423 After PDR – Finishing Phase 1 FY05 Design, plan, procure, fabricate –Procure optics –Complete design and fabricate module –Detail alignment plan –Prepare Integration & Test plan –Plan commissioning –Detail design of laser system Assemble, test & commission –Test core AO system in laboratory –Test subassemblies and software modules (some in parallel) –Integrate & align complete instrument –Test in lab –Commission @ telescope => end FY05/beginning FY06