1. Concussion Training Cambridge

2. Overview A. Concussion LAW B. What is a concussion? C. Detection D. Intervention E. Prevention F. Questions

3. Concussion Law Act 172 At the beginning of a season for a youth athletic activity, the person operating the youth athletic activity shall distribute a concussion and head injury information sheet to each person who will be coaching that youth athletic activity and to each person who wishes to participate in that youth sport activity. A person who has been removed from a youth athletic activity under par. (a) may not participate in a youth athletic activity until he or she is evaluated by a health care provider and receives a written clearance to participate in the activity from the health care provider https://docs.legis.wisconsin.gov/2011/related/acts/172

4. FAQs Q: When you have multi-sport athletes, can they sign annual information sheets or must they do one for each season? Q: When you have multi-sport athletes, can they sign annual information sheets or must they do one for each season? A: No. The distribution of concussion information materials and collection of signed receipt acknowledgment materials must occur at the beginning of each season for each athletic activity in which the athlete participates. A: No. The distribution of concussion information materials and collection of signed receipt acknowledgment materials must occur at the beginning of each season for each athletic activity in which the athlete participates. Q: If a person coaches multiple sports can he or she receive info one time per year? A: No. As with multi-sport athletes, the distribution of concussion information materials and collection of signed receipt acknowledgment materials must occur at the beginning of each season for each athletic activity the person coaches. In addition, the distribution of information materials and collection of signed receipt acknowledgements are required for each ‘employer/youth athletic event organization’. For example, if a high school baseball coach coaches for the school district and another youth athletic activity such as an American Legion Post, the coach must receive concussion information materials and acknowledge receipt of such materials from both the school district and the American Legion Post. A: No. As with multi-sport athletes, the distribution of concussion information materials and collection of signed receipt acknowledgment materials must occur at the beginning of each season for each athletic activity the person coaches. In addition, the distribution of information materials and collection of signed receipt acknowledgements are required for each ‘employer/youth athletic event organization’. For example, if a high school baseball coach coaches for the school district and another youth athletic activity such as an American Legion Post, the coach must receive concussion information materials and acknowledge receipt of such materials from both the school district and the American Legion Post. http://www.wiaawi.org/index.php?id=794

5. FAQs Cont. Liability on professionals and volunteer coaches –(4) (a) An athletic coach, or official involved in a youth athletic activity, or health care provider shall remove a person from the youth athletic activity if the coach, official, or health care provider determines that the person exhibits signs, symptoms, or behavior consistent with a concussion or head injury or the coach, official, or health care provider suspects the person has sustained a concussion or head injury. –(b) A person who has been removed from a youth athletic activity under par. (a) may not participate in a youth athletic activity until he or she is evaluated by a health care provider and receives a written clearance to participate in the activity from the health care provider –(5) (a) Any athletic coach, official involved in an athletic activity, or volunteer who fails to remove a person from a youth athletic activity under sub. (4) (a) is immune from civil liability for any injury resulting from that omission unless it constitutes gross negligence or willful or wanton misconduct. –(b) Any volunteer who authorizes a person to participate in a youth athletic activity under sub. (4) (b) is immune from civil liability for any injury resulting from that act unless the act constitutes gross negligence or willful or wanton misconduct. –(6) This section does not create any liability for, or a cause of action against, any person. https://docs.legis.wisconsin.gov/2011/related/acts/172

6. What is a concussion? A concussion is caused by a blow, bump, or jolt to the head or body that causes the brain to move rapidly inside the skull. http://www.cdc.gov/concussion/pdf/Parents_Fact_Sheet-a.pdf

7. What is a Concussion cont. All concussions ARE brain injuries! Concussions are mild traumatic brain injuries (TBI) CT and MRI are usually normal in athletes with concussions Imagery testing completed to rule out brain bleeds or skulls fractures MD Lynch, Stacy L, Concussions: Recognition, Management, Safe Return to Play and Legislations 2012

8. Detection Parent Observed: 1. Appears dazed or stunned 2. Moves clumsily 3. Mood or personality changes 4. Slow response to questions Athlete Reported: 1. Headache or “Pressure” 2. Nausea or vomiting 3. Double or blurred vision 4. Confusion http://www.cdc.gov/concussion/pdf/Parents_Fact_Sheet-a.pdf

9. Detection Commonly Reported Symptoms: –1. Headache 71% –2. Feeling Slowed Down 58% –3. Difficulty Concentrating 57% –4. Dizziness 55% –5. Fogginess 53% Concussions today are still under-reported by youth athletes. Lowell, Collins et al.2004, MD Lynch, Stacy L, Concussions: Recognition, Management, Safe Return to Play and Legislations 2012

10. Intervention Evaluate for signs/symptoms Take note of athlete’s report at time of removal Players should return after ALL signs and symptoms have subsided (Average 7-10 days) Evaluations are encouraged to be completed by licensed officials. If none are present, an emergency physician should be consulted “When in doubt, sit them out” http://www.cdc.gov/concussion/pdf/coaches_Engl.pdf

11. Prevention – Education CDC “Heads up” –http://www.cdc.gov/concussion/HeadsUp/yout h.html http://www.cdc.gov/concussion/HeadsUp/yout h.htmlhttp://www.cdc.gov/concussion/HeadsUp/yout h.htmlWIAA –http://www.wiaawi.org/Health/Concussions.as px http://www.wiaawi.org/Health/Concussions.as pxhttp://www.wiaawi.org/Health/Concussions.as pxNFHS – –www.nfhs.orgwww.nfhs.org

12. Prevention-Protective Equipment Inconclusive data that mouth guards prevent or lessen severity of concussions. Mouth guards have been linked to reducing oral injuries. Helmet use effecting concussion prevention is inconclusive. However helmets have been proven to reduce other head injuries. If worn, be sure they fit properly and are not expired. http://bjsm.bmj.com/content/43/Suppl_1/i56.abstract http://www.cdc.gov/concussion/pdf/coaches_Engl.pdf

13. Communication- Coach Developing relationships with players increases the chance that the athlete will report symptoms when apparent. Female athletes have been concluded to be more likely to report symptoms as opposed to males.

14. Communication-Parent You know your athlete the best! Take note to abnormal changes in behavior, mood, demeanor, etc. If symptoms are present at home, communication between coach is extremely important.

15. Communication-Athlete If you think you have a concussion…report it! Do not fear negative consequences. Give yourself time to rest and get better!

16. Questions?