1. Transcription & Translation Do Now: 1.Get out yesterday’s homework (10-1 review) 2.If a DNA strand has the nucleotide sequence TCC-GAT-AAT, what will the sequence of an RNA copy be?

2. Transcription Transcription makes an RNA copy of a DNA sequence. All of a cell’s RNA is made by transcription. (mRNA, tRNA, rRNA, etc.)

3. The Big Idea (aka “central dogma”) DNA mRNA Protein Transcription Translation Replication

4. The strands of DNA are Antiparallel Antiparallel means the two strands are parallel, but have opposite orientations.

5. 5’ & 3’: The two different ends of a nucleotide strand The numbers 5’ and 3’ refer to different carbon atoms in the sugar of a nucleotide. The 5’ end of a strand has a phosphate attached to it. The 3’ end does not

6. DNA & RNA Polymerase Polymerases are enzymes that make nucleotide polymers. In other words, they make new strands of DNA or RNA. DNA polymerase makes new DNA strands. RNA polymerase makes new RNA strands.

7. Polymerases Follow a Template Strand Notice that RNA polymerase is copying the “template strand” of DNA. The “coding strand” has the same sequence as the new RNA molecule. Only correctly base-paired matches are added Polymerases add nucleotides to the 3’ end of a molecule

8. RNA Polymerase at Work

9. Recap of Key Ideas The two strands of a DNA molecule are antiparallel, meaning one is upside down compared to the other. Transcription is the process that makes all of a cell’s RNA. DNA polymerase and RNA polymerase are enzymes that copy a template strand of nucleotides. (DNAP makes DNA, RNAP makes RNA).