1. History and Governments
United States and Canada

2. History of the United States
First Americans
Hunters from Asia and their herds
15,000 years ago
Across a land bridge between Siberia and Alaska
Their descendants are called Native Americans today
differenceatwork.blogspot.com

3. Colonial Era Columbus found the Americas in 1492
Spain then started colonies in Southeast U.S.
Overseas settlements tied the parent country
France and Britain established colonies in U.S.
Frances controlled eastern Canada, Great Lakes region and Mississippi River valley
British settled along the east coast
1763 Britain defeated France and won their colonies

4. Colonial Era
After the war British colonies got upset with Britain because of high taxes and trade
1776 United States declared Independence
1783: Britain recognized colonies independence and United States of America was formed
sonofthesouth.net

5. Expansion and Growth
During the 1800s the U.S.A expanded all the way to the Pacific Ocean
Through treaties with other countries or annexation
Declared owner ship of land
Native American cultures suffered by losing their lands, culture and way of life
Population of U.S. also increase during 1800
High birthrates, advances in medicine, immigration increased the population
sonofthesouth.net

6. Expansion and Growth Growth in U.S. economy in the 1800s
South based on agriculture and slavery
North on industry
Differences in economies and society caused tensions
1861 several Southern States seceded from the Union, thus starting the Civil War
Northern Forces won and slavery was ended
Thousands of American lost their lives during this bloody civil war

7. World Leader
WWI and WWII help push the U.S. into a world leadership position
U.S.A pushed other countries for freedom, factories produced military equipment and soldiers found all around the world.
After WWII the U.S. and Soviet Union faced off in the Cold War
Both countries competed for world leadership.
Tensions ran high because of threat of nuclear war
Cold War ended in 1991 with the fall of the Soviet Union
imgur.com

8. Equal Rights During the 1900s many groups fought for equality
These groups lead peaceful protests that lead to social change
African American: Civil Rights Movement 1950s-1960s
Rosa Parks, Martin Luther King Jr.
Women’s Right to Vote: 19th amendment
Nation American
Latino Americans
Cesar Chavez
apocalypsecometh.com

9. Terrorism
Since 2000 the U.S. has faced a new challenge: growth of terrorism
Terrorism: Use of violence against civilians, by individuals or groups, to reach political goals
September 11, 2001
Around 3000 people died at the World Trade Centers, Pentagon, and rural Pennsylvania field
U.S. troops went into Afghanistan to overthrown the Taliban, the government who protected al-Qaeda
Iraqi War

10. Government of the United States and Canada
telnum.net
Both are representative democracies
Voters choose leaders who make and enforce laws

11. U.S. Democracy Constitution is our basic plan
The constitution explains how our national government is set up and how it works
Written in the late 1880s
Founding fathers wanted a strong national government that could lead, but protected citizens rights
icivics.org

12. Separation of Powers
Constitution centers the idea of separation of powers
This means they divided the power of the national government among three branches:
Executive
Legislative
Judicial
Each branch has unique powers as a way to prevent other branches from abusing their power
This idea is called checks and balances
constitutionalfights.blogspot.com

13. Federalism
Federalism: U.S. government also divided power between that national government and states governments
National government makes treaties, coins money, has power to make laws between states
State governments deal with issues like health care and education
U.S. citizens are both citizens of the country and their state
This gives them the right to vote for national and state leaders
Citizens must also follow both national and state laws

14. Bill of Rights/Amendments
1791 the Bill of Rights was added to the Constitution in order to protect citizens rights
Freedom of speech, religion etc
Throughout the years other amendments have been added to the Constitution to protect freedom and equality
13th amendment abolished slavery
19th amendment gave women the right to vote

15. History of Canada
cia.gov
Canada and the United States share similar backgrounds. But the two countries traveled different paths to becoming nations

16. Early Settlement
Canadian was originally settled by Native Americans groups
First Europeans to arrive in Canada were the Vikings around A.D. 1000
1500s and 1600s England and France claimed areas of Canada
French settlers created cities such as Quebec and Montreal.
France ruled the areas by the St. Lawrence River and Great Lakes (New France) for 230 years
ve.torontopubliclibrary.ca

17. Early Settlement
The French hoped to find gold and riches in the Canada, like the Spanish had found in South America
Didn’t find gold, but traded with Native Americans for beaver fur that was sold in Europe
During 1600 and 1700s English and French fought each other for territory
By 1760s British had won control over much of France’s Canadian Colony
Many British and American settlers set-up farms along the Atlantic Coast
French speaking Canadians lived mostly in present day Quebec
Tragically during this time many Native Americans died from warfare and disease

18. An Independent Nation
For the next 75 years, Great Britain held various colonies in Canada
By 1867 most colonies become one nation known as the Dominion of Canada
Dominion: Canada had its own government to run local affairs, but Great Britain still controlled Canada’s relations with other countries.
Canada is made up of provinces, similar to states
10 provinces and 3 territories

19. An Independent Nation Canada is a bilingual country
Two official languages: English and French
During the 1900s many immigrants arrived in Canada
Canada fought with the Americans in WWI and WWII
This lead to Canada receiving full independence
1982 Canadians won the right to change their constitution without British approval
en.wikipedia.org

20. Canadian Democracy Canada has a parliamentary democracy
Voters elect representatives to a lawmaking body call Parliament
These elected officials choose the prime minister (head of the government)
British monarch serves as the king or queen of Canada (head of state)
Canadian Prime Minister Stephen Harper
topnews.in
passivevoices.wordpress.com

21. Federalism Canada also has a federal system
Power is divided between the national government and the provinces/ territories
Canada has a Charter of Rights and Freedom
This is similar to our Bill of Rights
It protects the liberties of Canadian citizens
civilization.ca