1. Water availability and per capita water use (liters/day)

2. Under five children in 200 households, Pakistan

3. Issues to consider Risks – Health hazard of using canal water for drinking – Water source insufficient – Damage to canals and pipes by livestock – Contamination of sources – Access and equity Health benefits through more water for hygiene Management issues – Improving efficiency may cut off some uses and possibly reduce overall value of output

4. CANAL LINING Reduced seepage to wells? ??? Increase in F?

5. Conclusions Irrigation water produces more than just grain or fiber Water for rural development Identify all uses, users provide access to marginal users, for livelihood security Information on value of all uses leads to better policies Implications for water rights, especially in transfers Who will take responsibility? Impact of water scarcity, food prices, and climate change?