2. Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics — 2006 Update

3. Questions on statistics? mailto:nancy.haase@heart.orgQuestions on statistics? mailto:nancy.haase@heart.org mailto:nancy.haase@heart.org Audiovisual questions? mailto:david.brentz@heart.orgAudiovisual questions? mailto:david.brentz@heart.org mailto:david.brentz@heart.org Please keep the red bar and logo attached to these slides.Please keep the red bar and logo attached to these slides.

4. Cardiovascular Disease Mortality Trends for Males and Females United States: 1979-2003* Source:CDC/NCHS. * Preliminary 0

5. Trends in Age-Adjusted Prevalence of Health Conditions, U.S. Adults Ages 20-74 NHANES:1971-74 to 1999-2000 Source:Ann. Rev. of Nut. July 2004. Vol.24: 401-431

6. Trends in Cardiovascular Risk Factors in the U.S. Population Aged 20-74 NHES: 1960-62, NHANES:1971-75 to 1999-2000 Source:JAMA 2005. 293: 1868-74.

7. Age-Adjusted Death Rates for Coronary Heart Disease, Stroke, and Lung and Breast Cancer for White and Black Females United States: 2003* Source: CDC/NCHS and NHLBI. * Preliminary

8. Deaths From Diseases of the Heart* United States: 1900–2003* Note: Total CVD data are not available for much of the period covered by this chart. Source: CDC/NCHS. *Preliminary.

9. Hospital Discharges for Cardiovascular Diseases as First Listed Diagnosis United States: 1970-2003 Note: Hospital discharges include people discharged both alive and dead. Source: CDC/NCHS and NHLBI.

10. Percentage Breakdown of Deaths From Cardiovascular Diseases United States:2003* 0.5% Heart Failure 0.4% Source: CDC/NCHS and NHLBI. *Preliminary Coronary Heart DiseaseStroke Heart FailureHigh Blood Pressure Diseases of the ArteriesCongenital Cardiovascular Defects Rheumatic Fever/Rheumatic Heart DiseaseOther

11. Prevalence of Cardiovascular Diseases in Americans Age 20 and Older by Age and Sex NHANES: 1999-2002 Source: CDC/NCHS and NHLBI. These data include coronary heart disease, heart failure, stroke and hypertension.

12. Cardiovascular Disease Deaths vs. Cancer Deaths by Age United States: 2003 * Source: CDC/NCHS and NHLBI. *Preliminary

13. Three Leading Causes of Death: Total, < 85 and 85+ Deaths: Both Sexes United States: 2003 * Source: CDC/NCHS and NHLBI. *Preliminary Deaths All Ages<8585+ CVD Cancer COPD CVD Cancer COPD CVD Cancer Alzheimers

14. Three Leading Causes of Death: Total, < 85 and 85+ Deaths: Males United States: 2003 * Source: CDC/NCHS and NHLBI. *Preliminary All Ages< 85 85+ CVD Cancer Accidents CVD Cancer Accidents CVD Cancer COPD Deaths

15. Three Leading Causes of Death: Total, < 85 and 85+ Deaths: Females United States: 2003 * Source: CDC/NCHS and NHLBI. *Preliminary < 85 All Ages 85+ CVD Cancer COPD CVD Cancer COPD CVD Cancer Alzheimers Deaths

16. Deaths in Thousands Leading Causes of Death for All Males and Females United States: 2003* A Total CVD B Cancer C Accidents D Chronic Lower Respiratory Diseases E Diabetes Mellitus F Alzheimer’s Disease Source: CDC/NCHS and NHLBI. *Preliminary

17. Percent of Total Deaths Leading Causes of Death for White Males and Females United States: 2003* A Total CVD B Cancer C Accidents D Chronic Lower Respiratory Diseases E Diabetes Mellitus F Alzheimer’s Disease Source: CDC/NCHS and NHLBI. *Preliminary

18. Leading Causes of Death for Black or African-American Males and Females United States: 2003* A Total CVD B Cancer C Accidents D Assault (Homicide) E HIV(AIDS) F Diabetes Mellitus G Nephritis, Nephrotic Syndrome and Nephrosis Source: CDC/NCHS and NHLBI. *Preliminary Percent of Total Deaths

19. Leading Causes of Death for Hispanic or Latino Males and Females United States: 2002 A Diseases of the Heart, and Stroke B Cancer C Accidents D Diabetes Mellitus E Assault (Homicide) F Chronic Lower Respiratory Disease Source: CDC/NCHS. Percent of Total Deaths

20. Leading Causes of Death for Asian or Pacific Islander Males and Females United States: 2002 A Diseases of the Heart, and Stroke B Cancer C Accidents D Chronic Lower Respiratory Diseases E Diabetes Mellitus F Influenza and Pneumonia Source: CDC/NCHS. Percent of Total Deaths

21. Leading Causes of Death for American Indian or Alaska Native Males and Females United States: 2002 A Diseases of the Heart, and Stroke B Cancer C Accidents D Diabetes Mellitus E Chronic Liver Disease and Cirrhosis F Chronic Lower Respiratory Diseases Source: CDC/NCHS. Percent of Total Deaths

22. Estimated 10-Year CHD Risk in 55-Year-Old Adults According to Levels of Various Risk Factors Framingham Heart Study A B C D A B C D Blood Pressure (mm Hg)120/80140/90140/90140/90 Total Cholesterol (mg/dL) 200 240 240 240 HDL Cholesterol (mg/dL) 50 50 40 40 Diabetes No No Yes Yes Cigarettes No No No Yes mm Hg = millimeters of mercury mg/dL = milligrams per deciliter of blood Source:Circulation 1998;97:1837-1847.

23. Annual Number of Americans Having Diagnosed Heart Attack by Age and Sex ARIC: 1987-2000 Source: Extrapolated from rates in the NHLBI’s ARIC surveillance study, 1987-2000. These data don’t include silent MIs.

24. Annual Rate of First Heart Attacks by Age, Sex and Race ARIC: 1987-2000 Source: NHLBI’s ARIC surveillance study, 1987-2000.

25. Prevalence of Coronary Heart Disease by Age and Sex NHANES :1999-2002 Source: CDC/NCHS and NHLBI.

26. Hospital Discharges for Coronary Heart Disease by Sex United States: 1970-2003 Note: Hospital discharges include people discharged both alive and dead. Source: National Hospital Discharge Survey, CDC/NCHS and NHLBI.

27. Trends in Carotid Endarterectomy Procedures United States: 1979-2003 Source: CDC/NCHS and NHLBI.

28. Prevalence of Stroke by Age and Sex NHANES: 1999-2002 Source: CDC/NCHS and NHLBI.

29. Annual Rate of First Cerebral Infarction by Age, Sex and Race Greater Cincinnati/Northern Kentucky Stroke Study: 1993-94 Source: Unpublished data from the GC/NKSS. Personal Communication with J.Broderick, MD and B. Kissela, MD.

30. Annual Rate of First Intracerebral Hemorrhage by Age, Sex and Race Greater Cincinnati/Northern Kentucky Stroke Study: 1993-94 Source: Stroke 2004;35:426-431.

31. Estimated 10-Year Stroke Risk in 55- Year-Old Adults According to Levels of Various Risk Factors Framingham Heart Study ABCDEF Systolic BP*95-105130-148130-148130-148130-148130-148 DiabetesNoNoYesYesYesYes CigarettesNoNoNoYesYesYes Prior Atrial Fib.NoNoNoNoYes Yes Prior CVDNoNoNoNoNoYes Source: Stroke 1991;22:312-318. *BP in millimeters of mercury (mmHg)

32. Risk of Stroke in Women in the Third Trimester, Peri- and Post-Partum Period Versus Risk of Nonpregnant Women and Women in the First 2 Trimesters Source: Epidemiology 2001;12:456-60

33. Prevalence of High Blood Pressure in Americans by Age and Sex NHANES: 1999-2002 Source: CDC/NCHS and NHLBI.

34. Extent of Awareness, Treatment and Control of High Blood Pressure by Race/Ethnicity NHANES : 1999-2002 Source: MMWR. Vol. 54, No.1, Jan. 14, 2005 NH – non-Hispanic.

35. Age-Adjusted Prevalence Trends for High Blood Pressure in Americans Age 20 and older by Race/Ethnicity, Sex and Survey NHANES: 1988-94 and 1999-2002 Source: Health, United States, 2004. CDC/NCHS. Data based on three measures of BP. NH – non-Hispanic. AA – African American.

36. Extent of Awareness, Treatment and Control of High Blood Pressure by Age NHANES: 1999-2002 Source: MMWR. Vol. 54, No. 1, Jan. 14, 2005.

37. Prevalence of Heart Failure by Age and Sex NHANES: 1999-2002 Source: CDC/NCHS and NHLBI.

38. Hospital Discharges for Heart Failure by Sex United States: 1979-2003 Note: Hospital discharges include people discharged alive and dead. Source: National Hospital Discharge Survey, CDC/NCHS and NHLBI.

39. Prevalence of High School Students in Grades 9-12 Reporting Current Cigarette Smoking by Race/Ethnicity and Sex YRBS:2003 Source: MMWR, Vol. 53, (23), June 18, 2004, CDC/NCHS. NH – non-Hispanic.

40. Prevalence of Current Smoking for Americans Age 18 and Older by Race/Ethnicity and Sex NHIS:2004 Source: MMWR, Vol. 54, (44); Nov. 11, 2005, CDC/NCHS. NH – non-Hispanic.

41. Trends in Mean Total Blood Cholesterol Among Adolescents Ages 12-17 by Race, Sex, and Survey NHES: 1966-70; NHANES: 1971-74 and 1988-94 Source: CDC/NCHS. Prev Med 1998;27:879-90. 0

42. Age-Adjusted Prevalence of Americans Age 20 and Older With LDL Cholesterol of 130 mg/dL or Higher, by Race/Ethnicity and Sex NHANES: 1999-2002 Source: CDC/NCHS and NHLBI. NH – non-Hispanic.

43. Age-Adjusted Prevalence of Americans Age 20 and Older With HDL Cholesterol <40 mg/dL, by Race/Ethnicity and Sex NHANES: 1999-2002 Source: CDC/NCHS and NHLBI. NH – non-Hispanic.

44. Trends in Mean Total Serum Cholesterol Among Adults Age 20 and Older, by Race/Ethnicity, Sex and Survey NHANES : 1988-94 and 1999-2002 Source: CDC/NCHS. JAMA. Oct.12, 2005. Vol. 294, No. 14:1773-81. NH – non-Hispanic. 0

45. Prevalence of Students in Grades 9-12 Who Participated in Sufficient Vigorous or Moderate Physical Activity During the Past 7 Days by Race/Ethnicity and Sex YRBS: 2003 Note: “Sufficient vigorous activity” is defined as activity causing sweating and hard breathing for at least 20 minutes on 3 or more of the 7 days. “Sufficient moderate activity” is defined as activities such as walking or bicycling lasting for at least 30 minutes on 5 or more of the 7 days. Source: MMWR, Vol. 53, No. SS-2, May 21, 2004, CDC. NH – non-Hispanic.

46. Prevalence of Leisure-Time Physical Inactivity Among Americans Age 18 and Older by Race/Ethnicity, and Sex BRFSS: 1994, 2000, 2004 Source: MMWR, Vol. 54, No. 39, Oct. 7, 2005, CDC. NH – non-Hispanic.

47. Prevalence of Overweight among Students in Grades 9-12 by Race/Ethnicity and Sex YRBS: 2003 Source: BMI 95 th percentile or higher. MMWR, Vol. 53,No. SS-2, May 21,2004, CDC. NH – non-Hispanic.

48. Age-Adjusted Prevalence of Obesity in Americans Ages 20-74 by Sex and Survey NHES, 1960-62; NHANES, 1971-74, 1976-80, 1988- 94 and 1999-2002 Note: Obesity is defined as a BMI of 30.0 or higher. Source: Health, United States, 2004, CDC/NCHS.

49. Trends in Prevalence of Overweight Among U.S. Children and Adolescents by Age and Survey NHANES, 1971-74, 1976-80, 1988-94 and 1999-2002 Source: Health, United States, 2004. CDC/NCHS.

50. Age-Adjusted Prevalence of Physician- Diagnosed Diabetes in Americans Age 20 and Older by Race/Ethnicity and Sex NHANES: 1999-2002 Source: CDC/NCHS and NHLBI. NH – non-Hispanic.

51. Prevalence of Non-Insulin-Dependent (Type 2) Diabetes in Women* Ages 25-64 by Race/Ethnicity and Education NHANES III: 1988-94 * Findings for men are similar but of lower magnitude. See Pathways by which SES and ethnicity influence CVD risk factors. Annals NY Academy of Science. 1999;896:191-209 Source: JAMA. 1998;280:356-62.

52. Trends in Heart Transplants UNOS: 1968-2004 Source: United Network for OrganSharing (UNOS), scientific registry data.

53. Trends in Cardiovascular Operations and Procedures United States: 1979-2003 Source: CDC/NCHS and NHLBI. Note: Inpatient procedures only.

54. Mortality Rates in U.S. Adults, Age 30-75, with Metabolic Syndrome (MetS), With and Without Diabetes Mellitus (DM) and Pre-Existing CVD NHANES II: 1976-80 Follow-up Study** Source: Circulation 2004;110:1245-50. ** Average of 13 years of follow-up. Note: Age and gender adjusted.

55. Estimated Direct and Indirect Costs of Major Cardiovascular Diseases and Stroke United States: 2006 Source: Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics – 2006 Update. 142.5 57.9 63.5 29.6 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 Coronary Heart Disease Stroke Hypertensive Disease Heart Failure Billions of Dollars