1. Human Geography

2. Natural Resources United States coal, copper, lead, molybdenum, phosphates, uranium, bauxite, gold, iron, mercury, nickel, potash, silver, tungsten, zinc, petroleum, natural gas, timber 18% of the land in the U.S. is arable land. In geography, arable land is an agricultural term, meaning land that can be used for growing crops. Canada iron ore, nickel, zinc, copper, gold, lead, molybdenum, potash, silver, fish, timber, wildlife, coal, petroleum, natural gas, hydropower

3. Land Use United States (world’s 4th largest country) arable land: 19% permanent crops: 0% permanent pastures: 25% forests and woodland: 30% other: 26% (1993 est.) Canada (2 nd largest country in the world) arable land: 5% permanent crops: 0% permanent pastures: 3% forests and woodland: 54% other: 38% (1993 est.)

4. Infrastructure The United States and Canada have highly developed infrastructures that include: A. Modern road systems (interstates, freeways, bridges, tunnels) B. Telecommunications systems (internet connections, phone systems) C. Ports, railroads, educational systems

6. Infrastructure United States: Railways: total: 240,000 km mainline routes Highways: total: 6.42 million km Waterways: 41,009 km of navigable inland channels Airports: 14,459 Canada Railways: total: 36,114 km Highways: total: 901,902 km Waterways: 3,000 km Airports: 1,417

7. Infrastructure impact http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/interstate/densitymap.htm

9. Industries United States: Petroleum, steel, motor vehicles, aerospace, telecommunications, chemicals, electronics, food processing, consumer goods, lumber, mining, computer technology Canada: processed and unprocessed minerals, food products, wood and paper products, transportation equipment, chemicals, fish products, petroleum and natural gas

10. Labor Force Labor force—by occupation (USA): managerial and professional 29.6% technical, sales and administrative support 29.3% services 13.6% manufacturing, mining, transportation, and crafts 24.8% farming, forestry, and fishing 2.7% Labor force - by occupation: services 74% manufacturing 15% construction 5% agriculture 3% other 3%

11. U.S. Exports & Imports Exports—commodities: capital goods, automobiles, industrial supplies and raw materials, consumer goods, agricultural products Canada 22%, Western Europe 21%, Japan 10%, Mexico 10% Imports—commodities: crude oil and refined petroleum products, machinery, automobiles, consumer goods, industrial raw materials, food and beverages Canada, 13%, Western Europe 12%, Japan 14%, Mexico 10%, China 37%

12. Canada Exports & Imports Exports - commodities: motor vehicles and parts, newsprint, wood pulp, timber, crude petroleum, machinery, natural gas, aluminum, telecommunications equipment, electricity US 86%, Japan 3%, UK, Germany, South Korea, Netherlands, China Imports - commodities: machinery and equipment, crude oil, chemicals, motor vehicles and parts, durable consumer goods, electricity US 76%, Japan 3%, UK, Germany, France, Mexico, Taiwan, South Korea

13. Agricultural Products USA Agriculture—products: wheat, other grains, corn, fruits, vegetables, cotton; beef, pork, poultry, dairy products; forest products; fish Canada Agriculture - products: wheat, barley, oilseed, tobacco, fruits, vegetables; dairy products; forest products; fish

18. Currency USA – Dollar Canada – Canadian Dollar

19. Developed or Developing? The United States and Canada have the following demographics: USCanada High Per Capita GDP47,00039,300 High Life Expectancy78 years81 years Low Population Growth Rate.88%.83% Low Infant Mortality6.3/10005.0/1000 Literacy Rate99%

20. World Financial Markets The New York Stock Exchange is the center of the world financial markets. Other countries have stock exchanges such as Japan, Germany, and England but due to the size and power of the U.S. economy the NYSE affects all of them.

21. Economic Growth The U.S. economy has experienced sustained economic growth since WWII, but there is a widening gap between the rich and the poor. Basically, the richest people are getting richer and the poorest people are getting poorer.

25. Multinational Corporations The U.S. is home to many multinational corporations: A. Nike, Adidas B. Starbucks C. Wal-Mart D. McDonald’s, Burger King, KFC E. Hilton

26. Watch crazy Wal-mart growth video here. This video will freak you out!

29. Years and countries where McDonald’s opened.

30. Export of U.S. Culture U.S. culture has spread around the world via the global marketplace. McDonald’s is one of the most recognized franchises in the world. Other examples are Coca Cola, blue jeans, and music.

31. Cultural Geography The area of the U.S. and Canada was colonized by Europeans. A. English - Virginia, Massachusetts B. Dutch - New York C. Swedish - Delaware D. French - Canada E. Spanish - Florida, California, Texas

32. Colonization The English became the dominant power in North America. They took over Canada at the end of the French Indian War in 1763. The colonies adopted democratic forms of government similar to what they had at home. In 1763, most people in Canada were French and Catholic. When England took over it encouraged English people to migrate to Canada. The area around Quebec and Montreal still have a majority French population but the rest of Canada speaks English.

34. Religion & Language (USA) Language English 82.1%, Spanish 10.7%, other Indo-European 3.8%, Asian and Pacific island 2.7%, other 0.7% Religion Protestant 51.3%, Roman Catholic 23.9%, Mormon 1.7%, other Christian 1.6%, Jewish 1.7%, Buddhist 0.7%, Muslim 0.6%, other or unspecified 2.5%, unaffiliated 12.1%, none 4%

35. Religion & Language (Canada) Language English (official) 58.8%, French (official) 21.6%, other 19.6% Religion Roman Catholic 42.6%, Protestant 23.3% (including United Church 9.5%, Anglican 6.8%, Baptist 2.4%, Lutheran 2%), other Christian 4.4%, Muslim 1.9%, other and unspecified 11.8%, none 16%

36. Government Canada and the United States have democratic forms of government. The Canadian system is similar to the English system. After the American Revolution the United States wrote a constitution and a bill of rights. It divided government into three branches with an executive led by an elected president.

37. Government and the Economy A. The U.S. government regulates industries and passes laws to protect consumers. Over the years the U.S. government has played a larger role in the economy, but the economy is still a free market economy that operates on supply and demand. B. The Canadian government plays a larger role in the economy. Universal healthcare is provided by the government in Canada.

38. Government Info. USA Capital – Washington D.C. Political System & Head of Govt. = President – legislative democracy Date of Origin – 1776 President – Barack Obama Canada Capital – Ottawa Political System & Head of Govt. = Prime Minister – Parliamentary government Date of Origin – 1876 Prime Minister – Stephen Harper

39. Terms of Office A. U.S. President - Can serve two four year terms B. Mexican President - One six year term C. Canadian Prime Minister - Leader of party with most seats in House of Commons D. British Prime Minister - Same as above E. Russian President - Can serve two four year terms F. French President - One five year term

40. Multicultural Societies Although Canada and the U.S. were colonized by Europeans they have become multicultural societies through immigration. They both continue to exhibit growth in all minority populations within their respective countries. Many new immigrants move for better opportunities, political asylum, or religious freedom.

42. Melting Pot

43. Immigration to the U.S. YearTop 3 countries of origin 1880 Germany, Ireland, United Kingdom 1930 Italy, Germany, United Kingdom 1960 Italy, Germany, Canada 1980 Mexico, Germany, Canada 1990 Mexico, Philippines, Canada 2000 Mexico, China, Philippines

44. Population The population of Canada is clustered near the St. Lawrence River Valley in the East and on the Great Lakes. Most of Canada is sparsely populated due to the climate. The U.S. is densely populated on the East Coast. The northeast, from New York to Boston, is growing into a megalopolis, or series of connected cities.

47. Population The population of the United States is extremely mobile. Nearly 3/4 of the U.S. population moves an average of once every 5 years. A. Shifts in the economy (Rust Belt, Silicon Valley) B. Doubling of the divorce rate in last 30 years C. Corporate transfers D. Change in status (marriage, graduation, retirement- Sun Belt)

48. Population Current populations: USA - 307,788,153 One birth every 7 seconds One death every 13 seconds One international migrant (net) every 36 seconds Net gain of one person every 11 seconds Canada – 33,823,519 One birth every 1 minute and 27 seconds One death every 2 minutes and 13 seconds A net migration gain of one person every 2 minutes and 1 second

49. USA Population

50. Other Statistics Most Internet Users (per 1,000 people) world ranks Canada - # 3 (839) USA - # 13 (696) Life Expectancy Canada - # 7 (81 yrs) USA - # 47 (78 yrs) Land per person (square miles per 100,000) Canada - # 8 (11,600) USA - # 63 (1,200) Top ice cream consumers (annual pints per capita) Canada - # 5 (23) USA - # 2 (26)