1. If post is spelled P-O- S-T and most is spelled M-O-S-T, how do you spell the word for what you put in the toaster?

2. Microbial Genetics General Biology SUNY Orange at S. S. Seward Institute

3. It's At The 20! The 10! Can The Flu Go All The Way? by Laura Lorson

4. Tobacco Mosaic Disease

5. Red Neck Bird Dogs

6. Bacterial and viral growth curves

7. Lytic cycle of phage T4

9. Viral structure

12. Phage Infecting Bacteria Sorenson animation T4 Assembly

13. Viral reproductive cycle

16. Adenovirus

19. Reproductive cycle of an enveloped virus

20. HIV infection

21. Couple at AIDS quilt

23. HIV, a retrovirus

24. Smallpox

25. Measles

26. Polio

27. Hepatitis

28. Influenza epidemic

29. Influenza Virus video

30. Herpes

31. Emerging viruses

32. Deer Mouse – vector for hantavirus

33. Viral infection of plants

34. Tobacco mosaic virus

35. Prion Diseases Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease Kuru

36. A hypothesis to explain how prions propagate

38. Replication of the bacterial chromosome

39. E. coli

40. E. coli dividing

41. Bacterium releasing DNA with plasmids

42. Plasmids

43. Genetic recombination produces new bacterial strains: Transformation Transduction Conjugation

44. Transformation The alteration of a bacterial cell’s genotype by the uptake of naked, foreign DNA from the surrounding environment

45. Detecting genetic recombination in bacteria

46. Transduction Occurs when a phage carries bacterial genes from one host cell to another Generalized transduction – a small piece of the host’s cell degraded DNA is packaged within a capsid Specialized transduction – occurs when extra DNA is taken when prophage genome is excised

47. Transduction

51. Conjugation Transfers genetic material between 2 bacterial cells temporarily joined F factor – about 25 genes, most required for production of sex pili –Either in chromosome or on plasmid –Episome – any genetic material that undergoes reversible incorporation into a cell’s chromosome Ex. F plasmid, any temperate phage

52. Bacterial mating

53. Conjugation and recombination in E. coli

57. R Plasmid R for resistance Also have genes for sex pili Therefore can be transferred from one cell to another by conjugation

58. Transposons Pieces of DNA that can move from one location to another in a cell’s genome A type of recombination –Chromosome to plasmid –Plasmid to chromosome –Plasmid to plasmid –Chromosome to chromosome (Jumping gene)

59. Barbara McClintock, Ph.D., Nobel Prize laureate

60. Insertion Sequence Consists of DNA necessary for the act of transposition Requires a transposase gene Flanked by a pair of inverted repeat sequences

61. Insertion sequences, the simplest transposons

62. Insertion of a transposon and creation of direct repeats

63. Composite transposon Extra genes sandwiched between two insertion sequences

64. Anatomy of a composite transposon

65. The control of gene expression enables individual bacteria to adjust their metabolism to environmental change.

66. Regulation of a metabolic pathway

68. Operon -a unit of genetic function (bacteria and phages) regulated clusters of genes with related functions 1. gene(s) that it controls 2. Promoter region where RNA polymerase first binds 3. Operator – between promoter and the first gene – acts as on/off switch

69. The trp operon: regulated synthesis of repressible enzymes

72. The lac operon: regulated synthesis of inducible enzymes

74. cAMP (Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate)

75. Positive control: cAMP receptor protein