1. National Action Plan on Chemical (industrial) Disaster Risk Management: Perception, approach and challenges Dr Rakesh Dubey Director Disaster Management Institute and Member Secretary, National Action Plan

2. Evolution of National idrm system UdaipurAugust 20, 20102

3. Chemical process plants August 20, 2010Udaipur3

4. Influence creating factors August 20, 2010Udaipur4

5. August 20, 20105

6. We suggest the model on the left for action plan 1. Prepardness : includes planning, prevention and mitigation i.e. Risk assessment (HAZOP, FEMA, FTA, ETA, consequence assessment, probability estimation, etc. audits; on- site and off-site emergency plans, Training Engineering change/modification for prevention and mitigation ISO’s, OSHAS, Formal education in the area of safety, risk assessment, medical, fire fighting, 2. Response: Human behaviour, community involvement and participation in emergency process, response of fire fighters, medical response, police (law and order) eg Mock drills These can be enhanced by Training, awareness building measures and integration with business continuity programme 1. Prepardness : includes planning, prevention and mitigation i.e. Risk assessment (HAZOP, FEMA, FTA, ETA, consequence assessment, probability estimation, etc. audits; on- site and off-site emergency plans, Training Engineering change/modification for prevention and mitigation ISO’s, OSHAS, Formal education in the area of safety, risk assessment, medical, fire fighting, 2. Response: Human behaviour, community involvement and participation in emergency process, response of fire fighters, medical response, police (law and order) eg Mock drills These can be enhanced by Training, awareness building measures and integration with business continuity programme UdaipurAugust 20, 20106

7. Prepardness : Planning: GIS based on-site and emergency management plans Risk assessment should make a base for plans Reach to all important stake holders by using some common platform Prevention: Compliance of laws and rules, by doing risk assessment after assessing the consequences and probability by using HAZOP, FEMA, ETA, FTA and computer model for consequence analysis Mitigation Change in process, chemicals, instrumention, machine, training of human beings, community and civil administartin invovment Training Planning, Prevention and mitigation Planning: GIS based on-site and emergency management plans Risk assessment should make a base for plans Reach to all important stake holders by using some common platform Prevention: Compliance of laws and rules, by doing risk assessment after assessing the consequences and probability by using HAZOP, FEMA, ETA, FTA and computer model for consequence analysis Mitigation Change in process, chemicals, instrumention, machine, training of human beings, community and civil administartin invovment Training Planning, Prevention and mitigation includes planning, prevention and mitigation i.e. Risk assessment (HAZOP, FEMA, FTA, ETA, consequence assessment, probability estimation, etc. audits; on-site and off-site emergency plans, ISO’s, OSHAS, compliance of the laws, engineering modification Strengthening the regulators by knowledge upgradation to meet the challenges Formal education in the area of safety, risk assessment, medical, fire fighting, for cadre development UdaipurAugust 20, 20107

8. HAZARD IDENTIFICATION METHODS: - Process hazard checklist - Hazard survey: DOW index - HAZOP hazard & operability study - Safety review RISK ASSESSMENT: - What can go wrong & how ? - What are the chances ? - Consequences ? EXTREMES: - Low probability - Minimal consequences UdaipurAugust 20, 20108

9. Causality chain Emission Environmental distribution Exposure Effects MODELLING or MONITORING UdaipurAugust 20, 20109

10. Spatial scales Local scale Local scale Area around one point source/one industry Area around one point source/one industry Average environmental characteristics Average environmental characteristics “ Reasonable worst case ” scenario “ Reasonable worst case ” scenario Local scale Local scale Area around one point source/one industry Area around one point source/one industry Average environmental characteristics Average environmental characteristics “ Reasonable worst case ” scenario “ Reasonable worst case ” scenario UdaipurAugust 20, 201010

11. Regional scale Regional scale Area can be 200 x 200 km Area can be 200 x 200 km 20 million inhabitants 20 million inhabitants 100 or 10% of production 100 or 10% of production Average environmental characteristics Average environmental characteristics Two or more sources Two or more sources Regional scale Regional scale Area can be 200 x 200 km Area can be 200 x 200 km 20 million inhabitants 20 million inhabitants 100 or 10% of production 100 or 10% of production Average environmental characteristics Average environmental characteristics Two or more sources Two or more sources UdaipurAugust 20, 201011

12. Types of Emissions Continuous emissions Intermittent emissionsPeak emissionsBlock emissions UdaipurAugust 20, 201012

13. Hazards and Risks in industries LPG, Propane (under pressure in liquid phase) Ammonia (under pressure/refrigeration in liquid phase) Chlorine (under pressure in liquid phase) Hydrogen (under pressure in gases) CO + CH4 (under atmosphere ) UdaipurAugust 20, 201013

14. Response R ecognize A void I solate N otify What can I do UdaipurAugust 20, 201014

15. Response Training Plant staff from top to bottom including the contractual labours, visitors, associates likes traders, suppliers consumers Community Involvement of community in all important activities, disclosure of vital information with preparedness National/state/local Governments Assessment of weakness in medical preparedness, fire fighting, law and order and corrective measures Mockdrills By involving all stakeholders including, armed forces and NDRF Training Plant staff from top to bottom including the contractual labours, visitors, associates likes traders, suppliers consumers Community Involvement of community in all important activities, disclosure of vital information with preparedness National/state/local Governments Assessment of weakness in medical preparedness, fire fighting, law and order and corrective measures Mockdrills By involving all stakeholders including, armed forces and NDRF Human behaviour, community involvement and participation in emergency process, response of fire fighters, medical response, police (law and order) eg Mock drills Compliance of regulations UdaipurAugust 20, 201015

16. Protection layers for disaster free society UdaipurAugust 20, 201016

17. Seven Avenues Potential countermeasures for each modern causation approach include: SAFETY MANAGEMENT ERROR TRAINING EDUCATION MOTIVATION TASK DESIGN 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 UdaipurAugust 20, 201017

18. Seven Avenues Potential countermeasures for each modern causation approach include: SAFETY PROGRAM DEFECT REVISE INFORMATION COLLECTION ANALYSIS IMPLEMENTATION 2 3 4 5 6 7 1 UdaipurAugust 20, 201018

19. Seven Avenues Potential countermeasures for each modern causation approach include: COMMAND ERROR TRAINING EDUCATION MOTIVATION TASK DESIGN 3 4 5 6 7 12 UdaipurAugust 20, 201019

20. Seven Avenues Potential countermeasures for each modern causation approach include: DESIGN REVISION VIA-- - SOP - REGULATIONS - POLICY LETTERS - STATEMENTS 4 5 6 7 12 3 SYSTEM DEFECT UdaipurAugust 20, 201020

21. Seven Avenues Potential countermeasures for each modern causation approach include: ENGINEERING TRAINING MOTIVATION 5 6 7 12 3 4 OPERATING ERROR UdaipurAugust 20, 201021

22. Seven Avenues Potential countermeasures for each modern causation approach include: 7 PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT BARRIERS SEPARATION 6 12 3 4 5 MISHAP UdaipurAugust 20, 201022

23. Seven Avenues Potential countermeasures for each modern causation approach include: CONTAINMENT FIREFIGHTING RESCUE EVACUATION FIRST AID 7 12 3 4 5 6 RESULT UdaipurAugust 20, 201023

24. Preparedness + Response have base UdaipurAugust 20, 201024

25. Knowledge platform for example: www.hrdp-idrm.in UdaipurAugust 20, 201025

26. Thanks rakeshddubey@hotmail.com kindly visit www.hrdp-idrm.in rakeshddubey@hotmail.com UdaipurAugust 20, 201026