1. Ms. Soles Social Studies: Europe and Russia Lesson 37 Ancient Greece

2. It’s time to leave for our next exciting adventure! Google Earth

3. What is lesson 37 all about? More History of Ancient Greece, from the very beginning! Let’s take another trip, far, far back in time! Let’s see how far back we can go!

4. Greece’s Beginning Greece is a hard place to live, because the soil is not as good and there is not always enough water to grow plants for food. So people did not move there until a lot later. Our first evidence of real settlement in Greece comes from about 55,000 BC (57,000 years ago). waterplantsfoodBC

5. Evidence of First Humans in Greece The Theopetra caves 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) south of Meteora had inhabitants fifty millennia ago. The cave of Theopetra, Kalambaka, radiocarbon evidence for 50,000 years of human presence.

6. Cave of Theopetra

7. Growth and Change By about 6000 BC people in Greece began to farm their food and settle down in villages. Then there began to be more and more people living in Greece.farm their food

8. Invaders to Greece Sometime around 2000 BC, Indo- European invaders came to Greece from West Asia, bringing with them the use of bronze, the potter's wheel, and Greek languageIndo- European invadersbronze potter's wheelGreek language

9. Greek Pottery

10. Indo-European Invaders

11. Early Cultural Blending These invaders mixed with the local people. They sailed around and picked up ideas from West Asia and Crete, and by about 1400 BC they were building palaces and big tombs for their leaders.local peoplesailed aroundWest AsiaCretepalaces

12. The Greek Island: Crete

13. Migrations from 4000 to 1000 BC

14. Decline of Greece This is the time of the Trojan War. But by about 1200 BC West Asia and Egypt fell into an economic depression, and the Greeks fell with them. Many Greeks left Greece and sailed to new homes in Israel (where they are the Philistines) or other places in West Asia.Trojan WarWest AsiaEgyptfell with themPhilistinesother places

15. The Trojan War The events of the Trojan War are found in many works of Greek literature and depicted in numerous works of Greek art.Greek literatureGreek art

16. The Burning of Troy

17. Homer’s Writings The most important literary sources are the two epic poems traditionally credited to Homer, the Iliad and the Odyssey, composed sometime between the 9th and 6th centuries BC.[3] Each poem narrates only a part of the war.HomerIliadOdyssey[3]

18. Greek Victory The Trojan Horse, according to legend, a giant hollow horse in which Greeks hid to gain entrance to Troy, who that night, opened Troy's gates allowing their army to enter and destroy the city. Trojan Horse

19. The Trojan Horse

20. http://www.history.com/videos/trojan- horse-most-fatal-gift#http://www.history.com/videos/trojan- horse-most-fatal-gift#

21. Greece On the Rise Again By about 900 BC, the Dark Ages were ending, and the Greeks began trading with West Asia and Egypt again. From the Phoenicians, the Greeks learned the alphabet: this is the time of HomerDark AgesWest Asia Egypt Phoeniciansalphabet Homer

22. Samples of Greek Alphabet ΑαAlphaΝνNuΒβBetaΞξXiΓγGammaΟοO micronΔδDeltaΠπPiΕεEpsilonΡρRhoΖζZe taΣσςSigmaΗηEtaΤτTauΘθThetaΥυUpsil onΙιIotaΦφPhiΚκKappaΧχChiΛλLambdaΨ ψPsiΜμMuΩωOmegaOther characters Digamma Stigma Heta San Qoppa SampiGreek diacriticsAlphaNuBetaXiGammaO micronDeltaPiEpsilonRhoZe taSigmaEtaTauThetaUpsil onIotaPhiKappaChiLambdaPsiMuOmega Digamma Stigma Heta San Qoppa SampiGreek diacritics

23. Growth In Greece There were more and more people in Greece. People began to form city-states and experiment with different kinds of governments for them: oligarchies and tyrannies.city-statesoligarchiestyrannies

24. Government Tried by Ancient Greeks Oligarchy : A government in which a small group exercises control. The group may be a political party, a military group, or a religious group.

25. Government Tried by Ancient Greeks Tyranny : Government in which absolute power is in a single ruler that is cruel and oppressive.

26. New Government This is the Archaic period; it ends about 500 BC when the Athenians try a new experiment in government: the world's first democracy.Archaic periodAthenians

27. Democracy Democracy : A government of the people, begun by the Ancient Greeks. Under this government, citizens have the right to vote on laws and government policies, or methods and plans a government uses to do its work.

28. Regional Threats In the Classical period, people around the Mediterranean noticed that the Persians had formed the world's first big empire (and used it to attack the Greeks in the Persian Wars). Everybody wanted to form an empire too - the Romans, the Carthaginians, and the Greeks.Classical period Persians empirePersian Wars RomansCarthaginians Greeks

29. 500-400 BC Classical Greece was a culture that was highly advanced and which heavily influenced the cultures of ancient Rome and still has an enduring effect on Western civilization. Much of modern politics, artistic thought, scientific thought, literature, and philosophy derives from this ancient society.cultures ancient RomeWestern civilizationpoliticsliterature philosophy

30. The Athenian Empire at It’s Height: 450 BC

31. Athens Against Sparta

32. Greece Enters new Period After the Peloponnesian War, Greece was much weaker, and by 336 BC Greece became part of Philip of Macedon's empire. Philip's son Alexander kept Greece and then conquered many other lands.Alexander

33. Macedon after Philip’s Death

34. More to come about Alexander the Great! Good-bye, until then! Here we go! Google.Earth

35. Resources www.Google.Earth.org http://www.Wikkipedia.com http://www.TheArchaeologyChannel- Welcome North Carolina World Studies: South America and Europe, by Prentice Hall