1. CENTRAL DRUG AUTHORITY ANNUAL REPORT 2010/11 A PRESENTATION TO THE PORTFOLIO COMMITTEE CDA: NOVEMBER 20121

2. 2 CONTENTS Purpose of the briefing Introduction The role of the CDA Trends in defining the drug problem World drug problem as it affects South Africa Achievements based on integrated strategies

3. Contents cont Specific CDA Achievements CDA projects and reports Recommendations Conclusion CDA: NOVEMBER 20123

4. Purpose of the briefing Briefing the Portfolio Committee on Social Development on Central Drug Authority (CDA) Annual Report 2010/2011, which outlines activities and achievements by the implementing structures and the CDA, aimed at combating substance abuse in South Africa CDA: NOVEMBER 20124

5. 5 INTRODUCTION The reporting period is from 1 st April 2010 to 31 st March 2011 Focus on activities and achievements by the implementing structures of the CDA and the CDA Highlighted the nationwide community mass mobilisation campaign and the 2 nd Biennial Anti- Substance Abuse Summit as well as other CDA activities

6. Introduction cont It pointed the key illicit drugs in use The extent of the substance abuse It indicated the action taken to review the National Drug Master Plan (NDMP) 2006 – 2011 and the development of Draft NDMP 2012 – 2016 The challenges encountered while combating substance abuse CDA: NOVEMBER 20126

7. The role of the CDA The CDA is a statutory body consisting of 12 members from the civil society, while other 14 represents the National Government Departments and three entities nominated by their respective Ministers The CDA is supported by the Secretariat CDA: NOVEMBER 20127

8. 8 THE ROLE OF THE CDA The CDA functions in terms of the present Act, the CDA is expected to: give effect to the National Drug Master Plan advise the Minister on any matter affecting the abuse of drugs

9. Role of the CDA Cont may plan, coordinate and promote measures relating to the prevention and combating of the alcohol, drugs and the treatment of persons dependent on alcohol and drugs. shall review the National Drug Master Plan every five years and submit to Cabinet for approval CDA: NOVEMBER 20129

10. 10 The Role of The CDA cont The CDA: shall report to Parliament on progress made in combating substance abuse in the country annually arrange conferences/summits relating to combating substance abuse in South Africa exercise such powers and perform such duties as may be determined by the Minister from time to time

11. Role of the CDA cont The CDA executes its legal mandates in terms of the NDMP through its supporting structure of 9 Provincial Substance Abuse Forums and 238 Local Drug Action Committees The CDA currently oversees and monitors the activities of 16 national Departments and entities CDA: NOVEMBER 201211

12. Role of the CDA cont The CDA is based at the Department of Social Development The CDA held four meetings annually Other committees meet formally when the occasion demands Telephonic conferences are held as and when required It has three sub-committees CDA: NOVEMBER 201212

13. Role of CDA cont To ensure effective liaison with the provincial Substance Abuse Forums and the Local Drug Action Committees, each of the former is allocated a permanent member of the CDA and attend CDA meetings CDA: NOVEMBER 201213

14. Trends in defining the drug problem Primary substances of abuse: alcohol remains the dominant substance of abuse throughout the country. Gauteng, Mpumalanga and Limpopo has the highest rate of alcohol consumption CDA: NOVEMBER 201214

15. Trends continue Cannabis is and remains the primary illicit drug of abuse with between 29% and 62% of all patients reporting it Cocaine use treatment admissions had shown a decrease in a number of areas but showed a slight increase in KwaZulu Natal and the Eastern Cape CDA: NOVEMBER 201215

16. Trends cont Heroin use is stable in KwaZulu Natal The higher proportion in KwaZulu Natal is seen as the result of the use of “sugars” (a low quality heroin and cocaine mixture) by youth There is increase in Injection drug use CDA: NOVEMBER 201216

17. Trends cont ATS such as crystal methamphetamine or Tik treatment admissions remains high in Cape Town Over the Counter Medicines and prescriptions continue to be an issue across all provinces Inhalants/solvents (glue) use among young people continues to be a problem CDA: NOVEMBER 201217

18. Trends cont Methcathinone use was noted in Gauteng Poly drug use remains high in KwaZulu Natal CDA: NOVEMBER 201218

19. Trends cont Trafficking: Cannabis trafficking is for shipment across African Countries Largest seizure were reported from cannabis herb Cocaine is also being trafficked Methamphetamine (Tik ) seizures have been reported from Nigeria to South Africa CDA: NOVEMBER 201219

20. World Drug Problem: South Africa and Globally – World Drug Report 2011 Cannabis = 8.4% (Global Norm 4%) Opiates = 0.3% (Global Norm 0.4%) Cocaine = 0.8% (Global Norm 0.3%) Amphetamine Type Stimulants = 0.8% (Global Norm 0.4%) Tik = 98% in CT OTC and Prescription Medicines = 2-6% Alcohol =31% of population CDA: NOVEMBER 201220

21. Global World Drug Report Global problem: The Commission on Narcotic Drugs (CND) is the main policy- making body of the United Nations Drug Control Programme. It is also the governing body of the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) South Africa through coordination of the CDA compile a report and report progress South Africa became a member state in 1995 CDA: NOVEMBER 201221

22. Global World Drug Problem cont The CDA and the Department of Social Development attended 54 th Commission on Narcotic Drugs in March 2011 and participated in discussions arising from African Resolutions taken at Heads of National Law Enforcement Agency (HENLEA) Conference CDA: NOVEMBER 201222

23. Regional Drug problem as it affects South Africa Regionally: The threats posed by drug trafficking through Africa has remained high on the agenda of national community (INCB, 2010) In addressing the drug problem, the African Union implemented its Plan of Action on Drug Control and Crime Prevention (2007 – 2012) CDA: NOVEMBER 201223

24. Regional Drug Problem cont Regionally: Member States agreed to: Fight the illicit cultivation of precursor chemicals Develop adequate monitoring and regulatory systems for ensuring the availability of drugs for medical purposes and curbing availability of drugs on unregulated markets CDA: NOVEMBER 201224

25. Regional Drug Problem cont Heads of National Law Enforcement Agencies (HENLEA) took place in Ethiopia in October 2010 and focused on issues related to drug trafficking and its corrupting influence on law enforcement SAPS held its 2 nd National Chemical Monitoring and Precursor control Conference in March 2010 CDA: NOVEMBER 201225

26. National Drug problem cont CDA, National DSD and Provincial Departments held community mobilisation campaigns, snap shot surveys and provincial summits as precursor the National Summit CDA and the National Department of Social Development jointly held the 2 nd Biennial Anti-Substance Abuse Summit CDA: NOVEMBER 201226

27. National Drug problem cont South Africa is becoming an important hub for cocaine shipments destined to illicit markets in Southern Africa and Europe using courier, air freight or express mail services There is no illicit manufacturer of heroin in Africa. CDA: NOVEMBER 201227

28. National Drug problem cont Within Africa, heroin flows to South Africa and countries in North Africa, via East Africa Heroin has its origin in South East and South West Asia. South Africa is used a transit country for heroin shipments destined for Southern Africa and Europe CDA: NOVEMBER 201228

29. National Drug problem cont In Africa the illicit manufacture of psychotropic substances for local abuse take place mainly in South Africa. These drugs are methamphetamine, methcathinone and methaqualone (Mandrax) The precursor chemicals needed for manufacturing “TiK” CDA: NOVEMBER 201229

30. National Drug problem cont Khat, a drug which is not under international control, is mainly cultivated mainly in countries in East Africa. Recently, it has been discovered in Limpopo Province around Ga Sekhukhuni area, where it is harvested and distributed by refrigerated truck to other parts of South Africa CDA: NOVEMBER 201230

31. Achievements based on key integrated strategies Supply reduction: X-ray scanners are introduced to search incoming parcels and packages to ensure that drugs do not enter the correctional centres Security search of all persons, staff, service providers, members of the public and inmates CDA: NOVEMBER 201231

32. Achievements cont Supply reduction: 540 incidents occurred during 2010/2011 and 259.27 kg dagga (marijuana) was found during searching 21 International controlled deliveries dealt with from UK; Spain; Namibia and Germany CDA: NOVEMBER 201232

33. Achievements cont 146 Drug related Police to Police Enquiries dealt with regarding UK; South America; Germany; France,; Australia; Far East; Canada and Dubai Multilateral Drug investigation: Priority Crime Investigation discovered the largest consignment of Cocaine 1.7 ton with an estimated street value of R515 million, Five persons were arrested (South Africans of Chinese origin) CDA: NOVEMBER 201233

34. Achievements cont Demand reduction: Snap shots surveys were conducted in all nine provinces to determine the extent of substance abuse Provincial summits were held in provinces as a precursor to the National Summit National Summit was held in March 2011 in ICC Durban for sharing information and best practice models CDA: NOVEMBER 201234

35. Achievements cont Demand reduction: International day Against Substance Abuse was commemorated in the Free State province at Zamdela, Sasolburg to raise awareness on effects of drug abuse Road show was held in the Eastern Cape CDA: NOVEMBER 201235

36. Achievements cont Ke Moja media campaign conducted Conducted substance abuse youth dialogue among youth and women Prayer Groups in Jacobsdal, Free State FAS indaba held in Gauteng province Substance abuse was presented to offenders by the Social workers CDA: NOVEMBER 201236

37. Achievements cont Moral regeneration programme “heartlines” was presented by Chaplain and official to 4607 offenders Programme HIV and AIDS conducted Life orientation incorporated substance abuse in the curriculum for Grade 12 Priority Drug Courts piloted in Khayelitsha CDA: NOVEMBER 201237

38. Achievements cont Interdepartmental Ke Moja prevention and education School safety programme in school to curb alcohol and illegal substances Collaborative protocol document completed 21 education workshops were held in NW; NC; Mpumalanga and Gauteng CDA: NOVEMBER 201238

39. Achievements con Harm reduction: Support provided to employees and their families Referred clients to rehabilitation centres Provided reintegrated programme to individuals who received treatment CDA: NOVEMBER 201239

40. Achievements cont Harm Reduction: E-cigarettes, products containing nicotine were rescheduled from Shedule1/Shedule 2 to Schedule 3 to limit access Ephedrine and pseudo-ephedrine, which was precursors for drugs of abuse, were resheduled from Shedule 2 to Shedule 6 CDA: NOVEMBER 201240

41. Achievements cont Harm Reduction: Doping control services administered to all national sports codes A meeting was conducted with service providers working in treatment to define the concept of Harm Reduction CDA: NOVEMBER 201241

42. The link between drugs and corruption Drug trade is second only to the arms trade in the size of its revenue Such revenue is not only generated illegally but encourages others by force or by corruption to participate in its largesse CDA: NOVEMBER 201242

43. Link between drugs and corruption The International Narcotic Control Board (INCB) recommends measures to address the problem INCB urged government to prevent corruption through various measures CDA: NOVEMBER 201243

44. CDA Projects: meetings Effective CDA meetings took place as follows: General meetings: 30/3/2010; 11/5/2010; 17/8/2010/ 23/11/2010 Executive meetings: 20/4/2010; 20/7/2010; 19/10/2010 CDA: NOVEMBER 201244

45. CDA Projects Meetings All CDA meetings were aimed at taking decisions for the implementation and monitoring of the NDMP Not all departments participated actively in the CDA meetings Regular attendance: DSD; DOH; DCS; SRSA; SARS; SAPS; DIRCO; Justice; MCC; DTI; DBE; DHA CDA: NOVEMBER 201245

46. CDA Projects Meetings cont Irregular attendance by National Departments and individuals: National Youth Development Agency; Department of Labour; Pastor Adams Meetings addressed Annual Reports; Reports from stakeholders; Combating substance abuse; How best to advise the communities and Ministers CDA: NOVEMBER 201246

47. CDA Achievements The CDA tabled CDA Annual reports to Parliament: 2006/2007; 2007/2008; 2008/2009; 2009/2010 and 2010/2011 National Clearinghouse and National Database created Cannabis Position Paper in progress but unpublished 9 Provincial Forums maintained CDA: NOVEMBER 201247

48. CDA Achievements cont 238 Local Drug Action Committees established were all active CND Reports on sessions attended submitted 1 st Biennial Anti-Substance Abuse Summit held in 2007 2 nd Biennial Anti- Substance Abuse Summit held in 2011 CDA: NOVEMBER 201248

49. CDA Achievements cont Reports on both Summit available and resolutions and implementation Plans completed Departmental and Provincial Drug Master Plans training conducted in all national Departments and Provinces Trends in alcohol and other drugs use, misuse and dependence monitored, reported and advised upon CDA: NOVEMBER 201249

50. CDA Achievements cont Treatment and aftercare provided to dependents monitored and advised upon The impact of the application of the Departmental and Provincial Drug Master Plans assessed and reported to Parliament Review of NDMP completed CDA: NOVEMBER 201250

51. CDA Achievements cont 2 nd Biennial Summit held Cannabis Position Paper drafted and consulted with stakeholders National survey on nature, extent and impact of substance abuse still to be conducted CDA website maintained Communication strategy developed Review of NDMP completed CDA: NOVEMBER 201251

52. CDA Projects CDA Resourced and functioning according to statutory mandate CDA Business Plan 2006 – 2011 National Clearinghouse created Helpline on substance abuse (0800 12 13 14) created and referred to DSD line function for maintenance CDA: NOVEMBER 201252

53. CDA Projects cont SMS (32312) created and referred to DSD line function for maintemance National Database created Provincial Substance Abuse Forums maintained Local Drug Action Committees maintained CDA: NOVEMBER 201253

54. Draft National Drug Master Plan 2012-2016 This new NDMP has been extensively consulted in all nine provinces amongst the stakeholders in the field of substance abuse; all national departments; Universities; professionals; JCPS cluster CDA: NOVEMBER 201254

55. Community survey conducted in 2010 Most frequently used drugs were: Alcohol; Dagga; Tobacco; Glue; Medication; cocaine; heroin; Tik and mandrax Substance Abuse-associated social ills: crime; violence; abnormal behaviour; HIV/AIDS; damage to body; financial problems; ill health; and families. CDA: NOVEMBER 201255

56. Annual Reports received Departments: DSD; DBE; DCS; DOH; Justice; MCC; SARS; SAPS; SRSA; TDI Provinces: Eastern Cape; Free State; Gauteng; KwaZulu Natal; Limpopo; Mpumalanga; Northern Cape; North West; Western Cape CDA: NOVEMBER 201256

57. Annual Reports not received Departments: Home Affairs; International Relations and Cooperation; Labour and National Youth Development Agency CDA: NOVEMBER 201257

58. CDA: NOVEMBER 201258 CONCLUSION The CDA is a statutory authority, mandated to give effect to the National Drug Master Plan (NDMP) The NDMP is a plan approved by Parliament for combating substance abuse, and meets the requirements of the 3 UN Conventions on Drug Abuse. The CDA works through the Provincial Substance Abuse Forums and Local Drug Action Committees. The three key elements of the integrated strategy include demand, supply and harm reduction. Prevention of substance abuse should be everyone’s business