1. The Jewel in the Crown India

2. Profile:http://www.odci.gov/cia/ publications/factbook/geos/in.ht mlhttp://www.odci.gov/cia/ publications/factbook/geos/in.ht ml

3. China and India compared  Foreign presence and dominance  Population homogeneity or heterogeneity  Income per capita  Proto-socialist experience

4. Hinduism  http://www.britannica.com/bcom/eb/article /4/0,5716,108344+1,00.html http://www.britannica.com/bcom/eb/article /4/0,5716,108344+1,00.html

5. India and British Mercantilism  The legacy of colonialism (Britain and France share chartered monopolies): metropoly dictated trade profile persistent surpluses by metropoly no import substitution focus on raw materials and agriculture Replaced moghul warlords with bureaucrats

6. Post –colonial period  The split into Hindu India and Muslim Pakistan  English language as a unifying force  Infrastructure  Dualism between thee cities and the countryside

7. Cast system  economic and social status determined at birth  Upper classes free of menial labor  Contrast with other feudal societies:no land ownership (taxes)  No productive investments (accumulation of treasure)

8. M. Gandhi http://www.mkgandhi.org/  http://www.biography.com/cgi- bin/biomain.cgi http://www.biography.com/cgi- bin/biomain.cgi  http://www.mkgandhi.org/ http://www.mkgandhi.org/  http://www.mkgandhi.org/epigrams/conten ts.htm http://www.mkgandhi.org/epigrams/conten ts.htm  http://www.mkgandhi.org/epigrams/s.htm# SOCIALISM http://www.mkgandhi.org/epigrams/s.htm# SOCIALISM

9. India’s Planning  First Plan(1951-1956) agricultural emphasis and infrastructure  Second Plan(1956-1961) mixed economy but the public sector was given a priority  Third Plan(1961-1966) yields in agriculture, electrification,heavy industry  Fourth Plan( 1996-1971) demographic pressure, war, famine aborted in 1967

10. Nationalization (J. Nehru)  Nationalization, initiated in 1971, resulted in up to 95% government share in most of the industries by 1975.  Riots by the merchants because of the nationalization of wheat trade (state of emergency in 1975, government of I. Gandhi).