1. Social Violence 1960-1970 Germany English Lit Researched by Jimmy Huynh

2. The violence Student protests Student protests Terrorism Terrorism Protest against media Protest against media Protest against Shah of Iran visit Protest against Shah of Iran visit Protest against Vietnam war Protest against Vietnam war

3. Student Protest Took place late 1960s Took place late 1960s Reaction to perceived authoritarianism & hypocrisy of German and Western Governments and poor living conditions of students Reaction to perceived authoritarianism & hypocrisy of German and Western Governments and poor living conditions of students Fueled also by over reaction of police and other contemporary protest movements around world. Fueled also by over reaction of police and other contemporary protest movements around world. Although students were mainly conservatives, there was a major shift to the left wing. Although students were mainly conservatives, there was a major shift to the left wing. Students also had to deal with being identified as German and so, blamed for crimes of their parents generation who ignored what had happened with Nazi Germany and moved on with life. Students also had to deal with being identified as German and so, blamed for crimes of their parents generation who ignored what had happened with Nazi Germany and moved on with life. many Nazis were still in and held power. many Nazis were still in and held power.

4. Student Protest When war was over everyone returning home wanted to return to normal life as soon as possible. This resulted in not many professors being removed from post and many Nazis still at work. When war was over everyone returning home wanted to return to normal life as soon as possible. This resulted in not many professors being removed from post and many Nazis still at work. The university system was not fully denazified, students still kept their nationalist and conservative traditions while liberal student organizations like the SDS (German Socialist Student Union) remained insignificant. This reflected the government which The university system was not fully denazified, students still kept their nationalist and conservative traditions while liberal student organizations like the SDS (German Socialist Student Union) remained insignificant. This reflected the government which

5. The country had required reorganizing of its economy and when the National Unity Government was formed in 1966, it shaped the economy the way it wanted as there was no opposition left. Students now began to feel that the wealth of the nation would lead to gap between rich and poor instead of improving the standard of living. The country had required reorganizing of its economy and when the National Unity Government was formed in 1966, it shaped the economy the way it wanted as there was no opposition left. Students now began to feel that the wealth of the nation would lead to gap between rich and poor instead of improving the standard of living. Because of this and the power of the government they believed that the German people had to become more democratic and a new opposition had to be formed. Because of this and the power of the government they believed that the German people had to become more democratic and a new opposition had to be formed.

6. Student Protest The government now also wanted to produce graduates faster so set a time limit before graduating. The students instead wanted to mold university into their own needs, hold more power and expel professors who had been Nazis. The government now also wanted to produce graduates faster so set a time limit before graduating. The students instead wanted to mold university into their own needs, hold more power and expel professors who had been Nazis. Reached climax in May 1968, 80,000 people (students, schoolchildren & members of workers union demonstrated against the Emergency Legislation (put in to allow the government to limit rights of the civilians and restrict freedom of movement and limit privacy in case of emergency. Yet they could not stop it, and union of student protests fell apart Reached climax in May 1968, 80,000 people (students, schoolchildren & members of workers union demonstrated against the Emergency Legislation (put in to allow the government to limit rights of the civilians and restrict freedom of movement and limit privacy in case of emergency. Yet they could not stop it, and union of student protests fell apart

7. Protest against Shah of Iran visit Students were protesting against the Shah of Iran and his brutally oppressive regime. Students were protesting against the Shah of Iran and his brutally oppressive regime. It was very non violent (closest was throwing paint balloons) It was very non violent (closest was throwing paint balloons) Police use new tactic to control crowd Police use new tactic to control crowd Resulted in killing of Benno Ohnesorg (innocent victim who had come to observe the demonstration) Resulted in killing of Benno Ohnesorg (innocent victim who had come to observe the demonstration) The movement now had first martyr The movement now had first martyr His death resulted in the Movement 2 June group and as a rallying point for the left wing. His death resulted in the Movement 2 June group and as a rallying point for the left wing. Influenced many German politicians who were in their teens and twenties at the time. Influenced many German politicians who were in their teens and twenties at the time. Considered second most influential even in Germany during its split into 2 states (the first being Berlin wall construction). Considered second most influential even in Germany during its split into 2 states (the first being Berlin wall construction).

8. Protest against Vietnam War America was seen as a model of a just, democratic state. America was seen as a model of a just, democratic state. their choice to engage in the what seemed like a civil war was taken in opposition by many students who thought America had no right to intervene. their choice to engage in the what seemed like a civil war was taken in opposition by many students who thought America had no right to intervene. Germany was still under American supervision, so they had to support it and because of this university boards banned political discussions on this subject using “science should be neutral” as an excuse (which they also had used to justify behavior of the Third Reich i.e. Nazi Germany). Germany was still under American supervision, so they had to support it and because of this university boards banned political discussions on this subject using “science should be neutral” as an excuse (which they also had used to justify behavior of the Third Reich i.e. Nazi Germany).

9. Terrorism Red Army Faction: post war militant left wing group formed in 1970 Red Army Faction: post war militant left wing group formed in 1970 Backgrounds traced to student protest movement Backgrounds traced to student protest movement Comprised of middle class youngsters who fought west German capitalist establishment (they believed it to be “reincarnation” of the Third Reich) Comprised of middle class youngsters who fought west German capitalist establishment (they believed it to be “reincarnation” of the Third Reich) Committed many crimes killing 34 people and led to what was known as German Autumn Committed many crimes killing 34 people and led to what was known as German Autumn

10. Terrorism (contd) German Autumn was when the RAF kidnapped Hanns-Martin Schleyer (president of German employers association) to negotiate release of prisoners who were" first” generation RAF members. When that proved unsuccessful, they hijacked the Lufthansa Flight 181 plane. It ended with the plane being stormed and the prisoners suicides in jail. German Autumn was when the RAF kidnapped Hanns-Martin Schleyer (president of German employers association) to negotiate release of prisoners who were" first” generation RAF members. When that proved unsuccessful, they hijacked the Lufthansa Flight 181 plane. It ended with the plane being stormed and the prisoners suicides in jail.

11. The End.

12. Bibliography http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/low/world/e urope/1250944.stm http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/low/world/e urope/1250944.stm http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/low/world/e urope/1250944.stm http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/low/world/e urope/1250944.stm http://www.ialhi.org/news/i0508_9.p hp http://www.ialhi.org/news/i0508_9.p hp http://www.ialhi.org/news/i0508_9.p hp http://www.ialhi.org/news/i0508_9.p hp http://www.ialhi.org/news/i0508_9.p hp http://www.ialhi.org/news/i0508_9.p hp http://www.ialhi.org/news/i0508_9.p hp http://www.ialhi.org/news/i0508_9.p hp en.wikipedia.org/wiki/German_stude nt_movement en.wikipedia.org/wiki/German_stude nt_movement